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List of prime ministers of Mongolia

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Yagaan noyon.jpg
Yumjaagiin-tsedenbal.jpg
Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene, Prime Minister of Mongolia at The Pentagon, USA on August 3, 2023 (cropped).jpg
Gombojavyn Zandanshatar (2025) (cropped).png

The prime minister of Mongolia is the head of the Government of Mongolia, which is the highest executive body in Mongolia. [1] The office was de jure established in 1912, shortly after the Bogd Khanate of Mongolia declared its independence from the Qing dynasty during the Mongolian Revolution of 1911. [a] Sain Noyon Khan Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren was the first officeholder, serving from 1912 until his death in 1919. After the outbreak of the Russian Civil War and Namnansüren's death, Mongolia was re-occupied by the Republic of China in late 1919. [2]

Contents

Da Lama Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj was installed as puppet prime minister by warlord Xu Shuzheng, [3] serving until the restoration of the Bogd Khanate by White Russian forces in February 1921. A rival Red Army-backed People's Provisional Government, with Dambyn Chagdarjav as acting head, was established by the Mongolian People's Party in March 1921. [3] In the aftermath of the People's Revolution of 1921, the Bogd Khan was allowed to remain as a constitutional monarch until his death in 1924. [4] From 1911 to 1924, 6 men served as prime ministers during the Bogd Khanate.

The Mongolian People's Republic was subsequently established in 1924, ending the theocratic rule entirely. From 1924 to 1992, during the Mongolian People's Republic, the official title of the head of government underwent several changes, namely:

Throughout 68-year long socialist period, a total of 10 men served as the head of government of the Mongolian People's Republic. Since the adoption of the current Constitution of Mongolia in 1992, there have been 15 men who served as prime minister from 1992 to 2025. The current officeholder is Gombojavyn Zandanshatar, who was appointed on 13 June 2025 by the State Great Khural. [5]

The longest-serving prime minister in Mongolian history was Marshal Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal, who lead from 1952 until 1974; the longest-serving prime minister of modern Mongolia was Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene, who held the position from 2021 to 2025. The shortest-serving officeholder was Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar, who served for only 2 months in 1921, while the shortest-serving prime minister of modern Mongolia was Janlavyn Narantsatsralt, who served for 225 days from 1998 to 1999.

Prime ministers of Mongolia (1911–present)

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

Provisional Mongolian Government / Temporary Government of Khalkha (1911)

No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical party
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
Head of General Administration Office of Khalkh Affairs
– Tserenchimed.jpg Da Lam Tserenchimed
(1869–1914)
Acting		28 November 191129 December 19111 month Independent

Bogd Khanate of Mongolia (1911–1919, 1921–1924)

No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical party
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
Prime Minister
– Tserenchimed.jpg Da Lam Tserenchimed
(1869–1914)
Acting		29 December 1911 [b] July 19126 months Independent
Vacant (July – November 1912)
1 Yagaan noyon.jpg Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren
(1878–1919)		November 1912April 1919 †6 years, 5 months Independent
2 G.Badamdorzh.jpg Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj
(1850–1921)		April 1919January 19211 year, 9 months Independent
Vacant (January – 22 February 1921)
3 JalkhanzKhutagt2.jpg Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar
(1874–1923)
[c] 		22 February 1921May 19212 months Independent
– Sambadondogiin Tserendorj.jpg Manzushir Khutagt Sambadondogiin Tserendorj
(1872–1937)
Acting		May 192110 July 19212 months Independent
– Acting Prime Minister Dambyn Chagdarjav.jpg Dambyn Chagdarjav
(1880–1922)
Acting
[d] 		12 March 192116 April 192135 days MPP
4 Dogsomyn Bodoo.jpg Dogsomyn Bodoo
(1885–1922)
[e] [f] 		16 April 19217 January 1922266 days MPP
Vacant (7 January – 3 March 1922)
5 JalkhanzKhutagt2.jpg Jalkhanz Khutagt Sodnomyn Damdinbazar
(1874–1923)		3 March 192223 June 19231 year, 112 days MPP
6 Balingiin Tserendorj.jpg Balingiin Tserendorj
(1868–1928)		23 June 192326 November 19241 year, 156 days MPP→MPRP

Mongolian People's Republic (1924–1992)

No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical party
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
(6) Balingiin Tserendorj.jpg Balingiin Tserendorj
(1868–1928)		26 November 192413 February 1928 †3 years, 79 days MPRP
Vacant (13 – 21 February 1928)
7 Anandyn Amar.png Anandyn Amar
(1886–1941)		21 February 192827 April 19302 years, 65 days MPRP
8 Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav.png Tsengeltiin Jigjidjav
(1894–1933)		27 April 19302 July 19322 years, 66 days MPRP
9 Genden.jpg Peljidiin Genden
(1892–1937)		2 July 19322 March 19363 years, 244 days MPRP
Vacant (2 – 22 March 1936)
10 Anandyn Amar.png Anandyn Amar
(1886–1941)		22 March 19367 March 19392 years, 350 days MPRP
Vacant (7 – 24 March 1939)
Chairman of the Council of Ministers
11 Horloogiyn Choybalsan.jpg Khorloogiin Choibalsan
(1895–1952)		24 March 193926 January 1952 †12 years, 308 days MPRP
12 Yumjaagiin-tsedenbal.jpg Yumjaagiin Tsedenbal
(1916–1991)		26 January 195211 June 197422 years, 136 days MPRP
13 J Batmonkh.jpg Jambyn Batmönkh
(1926–1997)		11 June 197412 December 198410 years, 184 days MPRP
14 Sodnom.jpg Dumaagiin Sodnom
(born 1933)		12 December 198421 March 19905 years, 99 days MPRP
15 Gungadorj.jpg Sharavyn Gungaadorj
(born 1935)		21 March 199011 September 1990174 days MPRP
Prime Minister
16 Dashiin Byambasuren.png Dashiin Byambasüren
(born 1942)		11 September 199012 February 19921 year, 154 days MPRP

Mongolia (1992–present)

No.PortraitName
(Birth–Death)		Term of officePolitical partyCompositionLegislature President
(Term)		Ref.
Took officeLeft officeTime in office
(16) Dashiin Byambasuren.png Dashiin Byambasüren
(born 1942)		12 February 199221 July 1992160 days MPRP Unity government
MPRP • MDP • MNPP • MSDP 		1990 Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat
Punsalmaagiin Ochirbat 1990.png
(1990–1997)
17 Puntsagiin Zhasrai.jpg Puntsagiin Jasrai
(1933–2007)		21 July 199219 July 19963 years, 364 days MPRP MPRP 1992
18 Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan-1.jpg Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan
(born 1955)		19 July 199623 April 19981 year, 278 days DUC MNDP–MSDP 1996
Natsagiin Bagabandi
President Natsagiin Bagabandi.jpg
(1997–2005)
19 Prime Minister of Mongolia Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj 1998 (cropped).png Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
(born 1963)		23 April 19989 December 1998230 days DUC MNDP–MSDP
20 Janlavyn Narantsatsralt.jpg Janlavyn Narantsatsralt
(1957–2007)		9 December 199822 July 1999225 days DUC MNDP–MSDP
– Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa.png Nyam-Osoryn Tuyaa
(born 1958)
Acting		22 July 199930 July 19998 days DUC Caretaker
21 Mongol ulsyn 21 dekh eronkhii said, Beltgel akhmad R.Amarzhargal.jpg Rinchinnyamyn Amarjargal
(born 1961)		30 July 199926 July 2000362 days DUC DUC
22 Nambar Enkhbayar 2001.png Nambaryn Enkhbayar
(born 1958)		26 July 200020 August 20044 years, 25 days MPRP MPRP 2000
23 Prime Minister of Mongolia Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj 2004 (cropped).png Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
(born 1963)		20 August 200413 January 20061 year, 146 days Democratic DP • MPRP 2004
Nambaryn Enkhbayar
Nambaryn Enkhbayar-1.jpg
(2005–2009)
Vacant (13 – 25 January 2006)
24 Miyeegombyn Enkhbold.jpg Miyeegombyn Enkhbold
(born 1964)		25 January 200622 November 20071 year, 301 days MPRP MPRP • NNP • M-MDNSP • RP
25 Sangiyin Bayar.jpg Sanjiin Bayar
(born 1956)		22 November 200729 October 20091 year, 341 days MPRP MPRP • CWP
MPRP • DP 2008
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj
Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj (3x4 cropped).jpg
(2009–2017)
26 Sukhbaataryn Batbold (cropped).jpg Sükhbaataryn Batbold
(born 1963)		29 October 200910 August 20122 years, 286 days MPRP→MPP [g] MPP • DP
27 Norovyn Altankhuyag (cropped).png Norovyn Altankhuyag
(born 1958)		10 August 20125 November 20142 years, 87 days Democratic DP • JC • CWGP 2012
– Dendeviin Terbishdagva (cropped).jpg Dendeviin Terbishdagva
(born 1955)
Acting		5 November 201421 November 201416 days MPRP [h] Caretaker
28 Chimediin Saikhanbileg 2015.jpg Chimediin Saikhanbileg
(born 1969)		21 November 20147 July 20161 year, 229 days Democratic DP • MPP
29 Mongolia PM Jargatulgyn Erdenebat 2017 (cropped).png Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat
(born 1973)		7 July 20164 October 20171 year, 89 days MPP MPP 2016
Khaltmaagiin Battulga
Khaltmaagiin Battulga - 2019 (48425595252) (cropped).jpg
(2017–2021)
30 Mongolian Prime Minister Khurelsukh Ukhnaa in 2018.jpg Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
(born 1968)		4 October 201727 January 20213 years, 115 days MPP MPP
MPP 2020
31 Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene, Prime Minister of Mongolia at The Pentagon, USA on August 3, 2023 (cropped).jpg Luvsannamsrain Oyun-Erdene
(born 1980)		27 January 202113 June 20254 years, 137 days MPP MPP
Ukhnaagiin Khürelsükh
Ukhnaagiin Khurelsukh (2024) (cropped).jpg
(since 2021)
MPP • DP • HUN 2024
32 Gombojavyn Zandanshatar (2025) (cropped).png Gombojavyn Zandanshatar
(born 1970)		13 June 2025Incumbent272 days MPP MPP • HUN • CWGP

Timeline

Gombojavyn ZandanshatarLuvsannamsrain Oyun-ErdeneUkhnaagiin KhürelsükhJargaltulgyn ErdenebatChimediin SaikhanbilegDendeviin TerbishdagvaNorovyn AltankhuyagSükhbaataryn BatboldSanjaagiin BayarMiyeegombyn EnkhboldNambaryn EnkhbayarRinchinnyamyn AmarjargalNyam-Osoryn TuyaaJanlavyn NarantsatsraltTsakhiagiin ElbegdorjMendsaikhany EnkhsaikhanPuntsagiin JasraiDashiin ByambasürenSharavyn GungaadorjDumaagiin SodnomJambyn BatmönkhYumjaagiin TsedenbalKhorloogiin ChoibalsanPeljidiin GendenTsengeltiin JigjidjavAnandyn AmarBalingiin TserendorjDogsomyn BodooDambyn ChagdarjavManzushir Khutagt Sambadondogiin TserendorjSodnomyn DamdinbazarGonchigjalzangiin BadamdorjTögs-Ochiryn NamnansürenDa Lam TserenchimedList of prime ministers of Mongolia

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Outer Mongolia was under military occupation of the Republic of China (ROC) from October 1919 to March 1921. It remained de jure part of the ROC (as the Mongolia Area) until 5 January 1946, when the ROC officially recognized its de facto independence (following the referendum held on 20 October 1945).
  2. ↑ 16 December 1911 according to the Julian calendar.
  3. ↑ The first prime minister of a "independent Mongolia" after the Bogd Khan came back to Urga on 21 February 1921. Damdinbazar took office on the same day when the Bogd Khan was officially restored. [6] [7] [8] [9]
  4. ↑ Prime Minister of the provisional MPP revolutionary government (officially called the People's Provisional Government) in Troitskosavsk, Soviet Russia which was established on 12 March 1921. [10] [11] [12] [13]
  5. ↑ Prime Minister of the People's Provisional Government until 11 July 1921. [14] [15] [16]
  6. ↑ The MPP proclaimed the independence of Mongolia during Bodoo's term, on 14 September 1921. [17]
  7. ↑ Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party name changed to Mongolian People's Party
  8. ↑ Refers to the splinter Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (2010–2021).

References

  1. ↑ Constitution of Mongolia
  2. ↑ Alfred J. Rieber (25 August 2015). Stalin and the Struggle for Supremacy in Eurasia. Cambridge University Press. pp. 83–. ISBN   978-1-316-35219-9.
  3. 1 2 Baabar, B., History of Mongolia, 1999, ISBN   978-99929-0-038-3, OCLC   515691746, p. 216
  4. ↑ Mark Juergensmeyer (2008). Global Rebellion: Religious Challenges to the Secular State, from Christian Militias to al Qaeda . University of California Press. pp.  139–. ISBN   978-0-520-93476-4. bogda khan.
  5. ↑ "Mongolia gets a new prime minister who pledged to address the economic demands of protesters". Associated Press . 13 June 2025. Archived from the original on 24 June 2025.
  6. ↑ Knyazev, N. N. "The Legendary Baron". In Kuzmin (2004a), pp. 67–69.
  7. ↑ Tornovsky, M. G. "Events in Mongolia-Khalkha in 1920–1921". In Kuzmin (2004a). (pp. 231–233.)
  8. ↑ Kuzmin, Sergei L., ed. (2004b). Baron Ungern v Dokumentakh i Memuarakh (in Russian). Moscow: KMK Sci. Press. ISBN 978-5-87317-164-4. (pp. 90–92, Facsimile of the original and translations of the Bogd Khan edict)
  9. ↑ Kuzmin, Sergei L. (2011). The History of Baron Ungern. An Experience of Reconstruction. Moscow: KMK Sci. Press. ISBN 978-5-87317-692-2. (pp. 433–436.)
  10. ↑ Ts. Nasanbalzhir. Revolutionary measures of the people's government of Mongolia in 1921-1924. - M., 1960. - pp. 11-13.
  11. ↑ Ewing ET Russia, China, and the Origins of the Mongolian People's Republic, 1911–1921: A Reappraisal. - London, 1980. - p. 419.
  12. ↑ Mongolyn ardyn khuvsgalt namyn negdugeer khural. — Ulaanbaatar, 1971
  13. ↑ https://uca.edu/politicalscience/home/research-projects/dadm-project/asiapacific-region/chinamongolia-1911-1946/
  14. ↑ Ts. Nasanbalzhir. Revolutionary measures of the people's government of Mongolia in 1921-1924. M., 1960. - pp. 11-13.
  15. ↑ Ewing ET Russia, China, and the Origins of the Mongolian People's Republic, 1911–1921: A Reappraisal. - London, 1980. - p. 419.
  16. ↑ Mongolyn ardyn khuvsgalt namyn negdugeer khural. — Ulaanbaatar, 1971
  17. ↑ "China/Mongolia (1911–1946)". University of Central Arkansas. Department of Government, Public Service, and International Studies. Retrieved 14 February 2024. The MPP proclaimed the independence of Mongolia on September 14, 1921, and the 60-member National Provisional Khural convened in Yihe Huree (Urga) on October 28, 1921.
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