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2016 Mongolian parliamentary election

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2016 Mongolian parliamentary election
Flag of Mongolia.svg
←  2012
29 June 2016
2020  →
All 76 seats in the State Great Khural
39 seats needed for a majority
Turnout74.35% (Increase2.svg 7.07pp)
PartyLeaderVote %Seats+/–
MPP Miyeegombyn Enkhbold 45.1265+40
Democratic Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold 33.149−22
MPRP Nambaryn Enkhbayar 8.001New
Independents –6.001−2
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Electoral district map of Mongolian legislative election 2016.svg
Results by constituency
Prime Minister beforePrime Minister after
Chimediin Saikhanbileg
Democratic 		Jargaltulgyn Erdenebat
MPP

Parliamentary elections were held in Mongolia on 29 June 2016. [1] The governing Democratic Party (DP) lost to a landslide victory of the Mongolian People's Party (MPP), retaining only nine of 76 seats in the State Great Khural. [2]

Contents

Although the DP's vote share was down by just two percentage points, a new electoral law promoting a two-party system was passed by the party while in government, [3] which allowed the MPP vote share to rise by around 14 percentage points. The DP lost 22 out of their previous 31 seats in the State Great Khural. As a result, the MPP secured a supermajority with 65 of 76 seats.

Electoral system

In the 2012 elections, the 76 members of the State Great Khural were elected by a parallel system; 48 were elected from single-member constituencies and 28 from a nationwide constituency by proportional representation. However, on 5 May 2016, the electoral law was amended to remove the proportional representation seats. [3] The changes were expected to marginalise smaller parties, and also removed the right of 150,000 Mongolian expatriates to vote, as they could not be registered in a specific constituency. [3]

All 76 seats of the State Great Khural were to be elected from 76 single-member constituencies. The winning candidate had to receive at least 28% of the valid votes to be elected; if not, a by-election would be held. Voter turnout had to be at least 50% in a constituency for the result to be valid. [4]

Campaign

Pre-election composition

Prior to the election, the outgoing 6th State Greal Khural initially had three political parties, one coalition, and three independents in 2012. [5] By June 2016, the number of parties in parliament increased to six with the foundation of the Sovereignty and Unity Party and the breakdown of the Justice Coalition. [6] [7]

State Great Khural before the 2016 Election.svg
PartySeats+/–
Democratic Party 38+4
Mongolian People's Party 30+4
Justice Coalition 4–7
Sovereignty and Unity2+2
Civil Will–Green Party 1–1
Independent 1–2
Total76–
Source: State Great Khural

Contesting parties

On April 30th, a total of 13 parties and 3 coalitions submitted their materials to the General Election Commission (GEC) to participate in the elections. [8] The Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP), which was part of the Justice Coalition with the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and part of the government coalition, did not contest the election and instead formally supported the DP. Alongwith the MNDP, the Motherland Party also stated it will endorse the DP to the GEC. [8]

The Civil Will–Green Party (CWGP), which won two seats in 2012 and was part of the government coalition, was barred from running due to irregularities in its paperwork on May 3. [9] The newly formed National Labour Party was also prevented from running, with its leader, Surenkhuugiin Borgil, standing as an independent instead. [3] The CWGP was later reinstated on the parliamentary ballot on June 7 and the regional election ballot on June 9 via a Supreme Court decision. [10] [11]

12 parties and 3 coalitions were approved by the GEC to contest the elections. A total of 498 candidates registered to contest the elections, with the Democratic Party and Mongolian People's Party being the only parties to contest all 76 seats. [12] Out of the 498 candidates, 69 of them were independents. [13] [14]

PartyTotal
Mongolian People's Party 76
Democratic Party 76
Sovereignty and Unity (MGP, Sovereignty and Unity Party)9
Civil Will–Green Party 15
Mongolian Traditional United Party 11
Khan Choice (Development Programme Party, Mongolian Liberal Party)9
Republican Party 36
Mongolian Social Democratic Party 17
Freedom Implementing Party9
Civil Movement Party27
Mongolian Democratic Movement Party3
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 71
United Patriots Coalition (United Patriots Party, All Mongolians Labour Party)9
Mongol Conservative Party13
Love the People Party13
Independents69
Total498

Opinion polls

Opinion polls conducted by the Sant Maral Foundation and the MEC Barometer suggested that around half of Mongolian voters were undecided about whom to vote for in the 2016 election. [15] The MPP was expected to win a small plurality over the DP, whilst the MPRP was predicted to come third. A survey, conducted by the Sant Maral Foundation in March 2016, revealed that it was likely for the National Labour Party to win a seat with around 5% polling in Ulaanbaatar and 3.4% nationwide. [16]

Polling firmFieldwork dateSample

size

 MPP DP MPRP MNDP CWGP NLP OtherInd.NAUnd./

DK

MEC Nov 20141,00015.027.06.01.0––15.0–36.0
MEC Dec 20141,00018.027.04.01.0––13.0–37.0
MEC Jan 20151,00018.024.09.02.0––10.0–37.0
MEC Feb 20151,00016.018.08.02.0––19.0–38.0
MEC Mar 20151,00018.016.09.01.0––21.0–36.0
Sant Maral 27 Mar–12 Apr20151,20021.618.310.50.92.4–1.8–13.431.1
MEC Apr 20151,00019.012.011.02.0––18.0–37.0
MEC May 20151,00014.015.07.01.0––12.0–51.0
MEC Jul 20151,00016.018.011.02.0––14.0–40.0
MEC Sept 20151,00018.014.010.02.0––16.0–40.0
MEC Oct 20151,00016.018.09.02.0––14.0–41.0
MEC 7–11 Mar20161,00218.019.07.0––3.0–––53.0
Sant Maral 11–31 Mar20161,50020.917.310.50.41.43.410.70.412.532.8
MEC 7–12 Apr20161,00210.013.06.0––5.06.0––60.0
2016 election 29 Jun2016–45.133.18.0–0.5–7.36.0––

Results

The opposition Mongolian People's Party won a supermajority of 65 seats, whilst the governing Democratic Party retained only 9 of its previous 34 seats. Incumbent prime minister Chimediin Saikhanbileg and party chairman, parliamentary speaker Zandaakhüügiin Enkhbold were among the unseated Democratic Party MPs. The Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party and independent, popular folk singer Samadyn Javkhlan each won a single seat in the State Great Khural. [17] [18]

The 239 votes cast for the MPRP candidate in constituency 11 (Gobi-Altai) and the 595 votes cast for an independent candidate in constituency 58 (Khan-Uul) were annulled.

Mongolian State Great Khural 2016.svg
PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Mongolian People's Party 636,13845.1265+39
Democratic Party 467,19133.149–25
Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party 112,8508.001–
Sovereignty and Unity35,3942.510New
Republican Party 23,1181.6400
Civil Movement Party12,2640.8700
United Patriots Party11,8260.8400
Civil Will–Green Party 6,5680.470–2
Mongolian Social Democratic Party 5,3080.3800
Love the People Party4,2290.300New
Mongolian Traditional United Party 3,2830.2300
Khaan Choice2,7940.2000
Mongol Conservative Party2,0550.150New
Freedom Implementing Party1,8040.1300
Mongolian Democratic Movement Party4320.030New
Independents84,6096.001–2
Total1,409,863100.00760
Valid votes1,409,86399.23
Invalid/blank votes10,9430.77
Total votes1,420,806100.00
Registered voters/turnout1,911,04774.35
Source: General Election Commission [19]

Results by constituency

2016 Mongolian parliamentary election results by constituency
ProvinceConstituency MPP DP MPRP SU RP CMP UPP IZNN MSDP LPP MTUP Khaan MCP FIP MDMP Ind.InvalidElectorate
Arkhangai 19,8176,434167964008620,701
27,0364,816945406
391		10218,842
39,7045,25288614419,995
Bayan-Ölgii 48,4417,99215519,323
58,1437,12959710719,293
66,8807,25192411917,921
Bayankhongor 77,1386,4912162407317,271
86,8456,74734420010817,913
97,9007,6792261888920,425
Bulgan 1016,32910,2931,5951,23022239,490
Govi-Altai 1114,4399,8141,517
1,185
1,070		40535,501
Govisümber and
Dornogovi 		128,9006,04077717122220,744
1315,6065,54377842529131,150
Dornod 148,9647,3112,07322225,348
158,0944,454749901,891
1,735		7724,092
Dundgovi 166,4376,5593,1159712,963
1,408
921		12729,659
Zavkhan 178,4668,5992,500116453
242		4723,894
186,6437,0774253,2325521,476
Övörkhangai 1910,1396,9321,05848222327416125,239
209,6552,9944491141,527
402		12321,643
219,3917,1584043,19615525,434
Ömnögovi 227,4346,6401,0369720,490
236,9126,8478679120,341
Sükhbaatar 2416,13314,40243523420738,692
Selenge 257,6166,5506793232421,371
127		7223,763
267,9624,3193,96277737024,539
276,4667,1451,73017720,402
Töv 288,2894,2781,00052614118,990
297,8964,0531,77917219,007
308,1546,4632,37120522,452
Uvs 318,3587,737101584319,231
328,0215,6489416,574
337,6115,5322176616,085
Khovd 344,0504,3423681051012,2963114,002
356,6025,3701,356671323316,723
367,9147,7574531935320,693
Khövsgöl 3710,7117,29036210652816312726,577
3814,2917,21844033213630,907
3912,0757,69154724914127,436
Khentii 406,6234,88530913915,562
416,2324,246436724867314,735
425,8415,4261,05016216,619
Darkhan-Uul 436,5533,1284528524,3651279121,876
446,7163,6402,1455371714431245965820,250
456,3204,2091,3992,60913221,159
Orkhon 465,7513,4133,1126602842,70611522,569
472,8823,1884,2221001,0342,72344623735420,663
484,7254,6281,8302082,87557710221,525
Ulaanbaatar 497,6166,2822,3571,619547310806932,998
682
254
254		14334,792
5011,4087,4611,4341,14574930923411929,804
518,6604,7842,4465311,0601604222871,94738611448564
395		12932,613
528,9857,7552,4717634925165342391001663,43023437,408
537,6778,4911,616727794279213183545
317
173
160		12729,962
546,5744,1051,2836842541073015515214911,029
1,560
92		16237,182
556,3315,5482,2962476542,224981789429537
450		9025,395
569,6485,5171,0064274105032,562
138		7526,021
574,3185,2961,6676493671272741784013,658
749		16324,333
585,6885,1742,3082923333982301,19072522,467
598,0435,0841,2024746111012281,6346622,914
608,2995,1461,197407918104183189660
597		11124,620
617,3405,5701,4647264962197107716524,366
628,2337,8341,6214198474322,17017037442719331,719
6312,7047,5483,5481,0816721445647231,168619422713
662		22241,271
646,5904,8042,1929474301,0116518051548219325,559
656,0583,4792,1941,16135014226511097831,395
1,016
628
290		14925,872
666,8444,7132,4853,5715466432361781,41225031,774
679,2688,2953,139941890283491331255699
426		10334,193
6810,6146,6611,7311,53993949213030,702
696,1907,4771,7976705616573339
628		12829,229
707,6726,6871,2813664617651461365,5539730,899
719,2415,1662,1274,39273027273681009
166
94		7931,863
729,4865,7532,4362644671773304983356501
250		10728,089
739,5774,1322,0144781,35130648191927012625,862
748,1065,6593,4557013902,5455078073428317433,299
759,6736,2777,3605279281887925880021336,895
7612,1907,8832,84463332832319834,728
Total636,138467,191112,85035,39423,11812,26411,8266,5685,3084,2293,2832,7942,0551,80443284,60910,9431,911,047

References

  1. ↑ Government and politics Embassy of Mongolia to the United States of America
  2. ↑ "Mongolian opposition wins landslide, voters fed up with hard times". Reuters. 30 June 2016. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Mongolia's new election rules handicap smaller parties, clear way for two-horse race Reuters, 20 May 2016
  4. ↑ Electoral system IPU
  5. ↑ "Ulsiin Ih Hural (June 2012) | Election results | Mongolia". IPU Parline. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  6. ↑ Э., Лхамзаяа (2016-05-04). "Г.Уянга гишүүний намд УИХ-ын гишүүн Л.Цог нэгджээ". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  7. ↑ А., Төгөлдөр (2016-05-06). ""Шударга ёс" бүлэг тарснаар Засаг задрах уу". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  8. 1 2 "УИХ-ын 2016 оны сонгуульд оролцох хүсэлтээ 13 нам, 3 эвсэл ирүүллээ". General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian). 2016-04-30. Retrieved 2025-07-23.
  9. ↑ "Монгол Улсын Их Хурлын 2016 оны сонгуульд оролцохоор хүсэлтээ гаргасан нам, эвслийг бүртгэх тухай шийдвэр гаргалаа". General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  10. ↑ А., Ням-Өлзий (2016-06-07). "СЕХ-ноос УИХ-д нэр дэвших 498 хүнийг танилцууллаа". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  11. ↑ Б., Манлай (2016-06-09). "НИТХ-ын сонгуульд ИЗНН-ын 14 нэр дэвшигчийг нэмж бүртгэжээ". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  12. ↑ GEC presented the credentials to 498 candidates for the State Great Hural election 2016 Central Elections Committee
  13. ↑ "Монгол Улсын Их Хурлын 2016 оны ээлжит сонгуульд бие даан нэр дэвшигчдийг танилцуулж байна". General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian). 2016-06-05. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  14. ↑ "СОНГУУЛЬ 2016: УИХ-д нэр дэвшигчид". ikon.mn (in Mongolian). Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  15. ↑ "Тандалт судалгаа: 2016 оны сонгуулиар сонгогчид аль намыг дэмжих вэ?". trends.mn (in Mongolian). MEC LLC. 2016-03-23. Retrieved 2025-09-30.
  16. ↑ Dierkes, Julian (2016-04-10). "Politbarometer April 2016". Mongolia Focus. Retrieved 2025-09-30.
  17. ↑ Edwards, Terrance (2016-06-30). "Mongolian opposition wins landslide, voters fed up with hard times". Reuters .
  18. ↑ "MPP returns to power in Mongolia". Deutsche Welle . 2016-06-30. Retrieved 2026-01-17.
  19. ↑ "Монгол улсын их хурлын сонгуулийн дүн" [Mongolian State Great Khural election results](PDF), General Election Commission of Mongolia (in Mongolian), Ulaanbaatar, p. 346–400, 2022
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