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Senate Square, Helsinki

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The statue of Grand Duke of Finland, Alexander II, with Helsinki Cathedral in the background. Helsinki Senate Square, 2019 (01).jpg
The statue of Grand Duke of Finland, Alexander II, with Helsinki Cathedral in the background.

Senate Square (Finnish : Senaatintori, Swedish : Senatstorget) presents Carl Ludvig Engel's architecture as a unique allegory of political, religious, scientific and commercial powers in the centre of Helsinki, Finland.

Contents

Senate Square and its surroundings make up the oldest part of central Helsinki. Landmarks and famous buildings surrounding the square are the Helsinki Cathedral, the Government Palace, the main building of the University of Helsinki and merchant Johan Sederholm's the Sederholm House, the oldest building of central Helsinki dating from 1757. [1]

Construction

Senate Square - Senaatintori - Senatstorget, Helsinki, Finland.jpg
Panorama of Senate Square, Helsinki. From left: the main building of the University of Helsinki, Helsinki Cathedral and the Government Palace. The statue of Alexander II is at the center.

In the 17th and 18th-centuries, the west side was the location of a church and a graveyard. On the eastern side of the present Senate Square was located the western part of the old Market Square. The eastern part of the old Market Square was in the area of the present Government Palace. Between the church, the cemetery, and the old Market Square, there was a block building, which was located in the middle of the present Senate Square. [2] [3]

In 1812, Senate Square was designated as the main square for the new capital of Helsinki in the city plan designed by Johan Albrecht Ehrenström. [4] The Palace of the Council of State (or Government Palace) was completed on the eastern side of Senate Square in 1822. It served as the seat of the Senate of Finland until it was replaced by the Council of State in 1918, and now houses the offices of the Prime Minister of Finland and the cabinet. The main University building, on the opposite side of Senate Square, was constructed in 1832. [5]

Helsinki Cathedral, on the northern edge of Senate Square, was Engel's lengthiest architectural project. He worked on it from 1818 until his death in 1840. The Cathedral — then called the Church of St. Nicholas — dominates Senate Square, and was finalized in 1852, twelve years after Engel's death. [6]

Statue of Alexander II

Statue of Alexander II in front of Helsinki Cathedral. Aleksanteri II patsas.jpg
Statue of Alexander II in front of Helsinki Cathedral.

A statue of Emperor Alexander II is located in the center of the square. The statue, erected in 1894, was built to commemorate his re-establishment of the Diet of Finland in 1863 as well as his initiation of several reforms that increased Finland's autonomy from the Russian Empire's rule. The statue comprises Alexander on a pedestal surrounded by figures representing law, culture, and peasants. The sculptor was Walter Runeberg. [9]

During the trials of Russification of Finland between 1899 and 1917, the statue became a symbol of quiet resistance, with people protesting against the decrees of Nicholas II by leaving flowers at the foot of the statue of his grandfather, then known in Finland as "the good tsar". [10]

After Finland's full independence declaration in 1917, demands were made to remove the statue. Later, it was suggested to replace it with the equestrian statue of Mannerheim currently located on Mannerheimintie in front of the Kiasma museum. Nothing came of either of these suggestions, and today the statue is one of the major tourist landmarks of the city and a reminder of the role of Alexander II in establishing Finnish statehood for the first time in history. [10] [11]

Contemporary role

Today, Senate Square is one of the main tourist attractions of Helsinki. Various art events, ranging from concerts, snow buildings to controversial snow boarding activities, have been set up on Senate Square. [12] In Autumn 2010, a United Buddy Bears exhibition with 142 bears was displayed on the historic square. [13] [14]

Digital carillon music (Finnish : Senaatintorin ääni) is played daily at 17:49 at Senate Square. The sound installation was composed by Harri Viitanen, composer and organist of Helsinki Cathedral, and Jyrki Alakuijala, Doctor of Technology. The optimal listening position is at the proximity of the square's central monument, the bronze statue of Alexander II. [15]

Several buildings near Senate Square are managed by the government real estate provider, Senate Properties. [16] At the northwest corner there are four short pillars erected each winter to protect the memorial plate of the Ulrika Eleonora church from snow plows. [2] [17]

The site aspires to be designated as a World Heritage Site, but a single building in its southwest corner prevents it. [18] [19]

Film

Music

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Helsingin kaupunginmuseo, Sederholmin talo". Stadissa. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  2. 1 2 Pajunen, Lauri (28 July 2020). "Senaatintorin salaisuudet". Iltalehti. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
  3. ↑ Helsingin kaupungin historia. 2, [Ajanjakso 1721-1809] (1950). Eirik Hornborg. Helsingin kaupunki.
  4. ↑ "Senaatintori ympäristöineen". Valtakunnallisesti merkittävät rakennetut kulttuuriympäristöt RKY. 22 December 2009. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  5. ↑ Hasu, Kirsi (4 March 2020). "Senaatintori – koko Suomen pää ja sydän". Helsinki. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  6. ↑ Perälä, Reijo (12 April 2018). "Helsingin tuomiokirkko nousi vallan symboliksi ja maksoi miljoona ruplaa". Yle. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  7. ↑ "Senaatorin Historia". Visit Sveaborg. Archived from the original on August 12, 2019. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
  8. ↑ "Kirkon tarina". Helsingin Tuomiokirkko. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
  9. ↑ "Senaatintori ja Aleksanteri II:n patsas". Eduskunta. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  10. 1 2 Roiha, Juha (24 September 2019). "Venäjän keisarin patsas herättää turisteissa ihmetystä – Miksi se on yhä keskellä Helsinkiä?". Yle. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  11. ↑ "The history of the development of statehood in Finland". Archived from the original on 2020-02-05. Retrieved 2025-01-08.
  12. ↑ Saariaho, Jari (6 April 2001). "Kääk, lautailua Senaatintorilla!". City. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  13. ↑ "United Buddy Bears in Helsinki". United Buddy Bears. Archived from the original on 19 March 2021. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  14. ↑ "'Buddy Bears' Take Over Senate Square". Yle. 30 August 2010. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  15. ↑ Helsinki.fi Archived 2010-08-11 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ↑ "Helsingin nähtävyyksiä". Kylatalo. 5 May 2018. Archived from the original on 26 November 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  17. ↑ "Memorial to the Ulrika Eleonora Church". HAM Helsinki. Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  18. ↑ Manninen, Antti (27 October 2002). "Senaatintori ehkä Unescon suojelulistalle".
  19. ↑ Manninen, Antti (15 September 2015). "Senaatintori haluttiin Unescon maailmanperintölistalle, mutta yksi rakennus vaaransi suunnitelman".
  20. ↑ Zitting, Marianne (26 November 2018). "Joulu valtaa Senaatintorin! Tuomaan markkinoilla pääsee saunaan ja vegekinkkubingoon". Iltalehti. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  21. ↑ "Info". Tuomaan Markkinat. Archived from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  22. ↑ "Minä vuosina Helsingin Senaatintorille rakennettiin lumikirkko?". Kysy. 13 October 2011. Archived from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 29 June 2020.
  23. ↑ "Suomi Venäjänä elokuvissa". Elokuvapolku. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  24. ↑ Römpötti, Harri (8 June 2018). "Helsinki Hollywood-näyttelijänä – nämä paikat Helsingissä ovat esittäneet Neuvostoliittoa amerikkalaisissa elokuvissa". Helsingin Sanomat. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  25. ↑ Valleala, Siru (23 January 2020). "Seksin Samuraiksi ja Hollywoodin prinssiksi kutsuttu Warren Beatty on urallaan kuvannut elokuvaa myös Suomessa – tältä kuvauksissa näytti Senaatintorilla". Ilta-Sanomat. Retrieved 5 July 2020.
  26. ↑ Lehtovuori, Panu (2010). Experience and Conflict: The Production of Urban Space. Gower Publishing. ISBN   9780754676027.
  27. ↑ Rantanen, Miska (2 May 2019). "Maailman kuuluisin takaa-ajojuoksu". Helsingin Sanomat. Retrieved 5 July 2020.

60°10′10″N024°57′09″E / 60.16944°N 24.95250°E / 60.16944; 24.95250

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