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SRNA-Xcc1

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sRNA-Xcc1 (small RNA identified from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris) is a family of trans-acting non-coding RNA (also known as small RNA). [1] [2] Homologs of sRNA-Xcc1 are found in a few bacterial strains belonging to alpha-proteobacteria, beta-proteobacteria, gamma-proteobacteria, and delta-proteobacteria. In Xanthomonascampestris pv. campestris, sRNA-Xcc1 is encoded by an integron gene cassette and is under the positive control of the virulence regulators HrpG and HrpX. [3] [4]

Contents

Origin and phylogenetic distribution

sRNA-Xcc1 is encoded by a gene cassette in the integron of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and homologs of sRNA-Xcc1 are frequently found in integron gene cassettes cloned from uncultured bacterium, [5] it is possible that sRNA-Xcc1 is originally captured by integrons from natural environments. sRNA-Xcc1 homologs are found in a few taxonomically far related strains across alpha-, beta- and gamma-proteobacteria but not in close related bacteria, implying that sRNA-Xcc1 is transferred via horizontal gene transfer (HGT). sRNA-Xcc1 homologous gene are found located on Tn5542, a transposon carried by the plasmid pHMT112, indicating that the horizontal transfer of sRNA-Xcc1 is realized by means of transposons and/or plasmids. [6]

Potential biological function

The expression of sRNA-Xcc1 is under the positive control of the two important virulence regulators HrpG and HrpX of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, indicating that sRNA-Xcc1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of the pathogen.

References

  1. ↑ Chen XL; Tang DJ; Jiang RP; He YQ; Jiang BL; Lu GT; Tang JL (2011). "sRNA-Xcc1, an integron-encoded transposon- and plasmid-transferred trans-acting sRNA, is under the positive control of the key virulence regulators HrpG and HrpX of Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris". RNA Biol. 8 (6): 947–53. doi:10.4161/rna.8.6.16690. PMC   3256417 . PMID   21941121.
  2. ↑ Schmidtke C, Findeiß S, Sharma CM, Kuhfuß J, Hoffmann S, Vogel J, et al. (2011). "Genome-wide transcriptome analysis of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas identifies sRNAs with putative virulence functions". Nucleic Acids Res. 40 (5): 2020–2031. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr904. PMC   3300014 . PMID   22080557.
  3. ↑ Wengelnik K; Van den Ackerveken G; Bonas U (1996). "HrpG, a key hrp regulatory protein of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria is homologous to two-component response regulators". Mol Plant Microbe Interact. 9 (8): 704–12. Bibcode:1996MPMI....9..704W. doi:10.1094/mpmi-9-0704. PMID   8870269.
  4. ↑ Wengelnik K; Bonas U (1996). "HrpXv, an AraC-type regulator, activates expression of five of the six loci in the hrp cluster of Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria". J Bacteriol. 178 (12): 3462–9. doi:10.1128/jb.178.12.3462-3469.1996. PMC   178114 . PMID   8655542.
  5. ↑ Gillings MR; Holley MP; Stokes HW; Holmes AJ (2005). "Integrons in Xanthomonas: a source of species genome diversity". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 102 (12): 4419–24. Bibcode:2005PNAS..102.4419G. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0406620102 . PMC   555480 . PMID   15755815.
  6. ↑ Tan HM; Tang HY; Joannou CL; Abdel-Wahab NH; Mason JR (1993). "The Pseudomonas putida ML2 plasmid-encoded genes for benzene dioxygenase are unusual in codon usage and low in G+C content". Gene. 130 (1): 33–9. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(93)90343-2. PMID   8344526.

Phylogenetic diagrams

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