Robert John Bardo (born January 2, 1970) is an American murderer serving life imprisonment without parole after being convicted for the July 18, 1989, murder of American actress and model Rebecca Schaeffer, whom he had stalked for three years.[1]
Robert John Bardo is the youngest of seven children. His mother June, a native of Japan, and his father Philip, an American, was a non-commissioned officer in the United States Air Force, who was stationed in Japan. The family moved frequently and eventually settled in Tucson, Arizona, in 1983.[2][3][4] Bardo reportedly had a troubled childhood, being abused by one of his siblings and placed in foster care after he threatened to commit suicide.[5] Bardo's family had a history of mental illness, and he was diagnosed with bipolar disorder.[6]
At the age of 15, Bardo was institutionalized for a month to treat emotional problems. He dropped out of Pueblo Magnet High School in the ninth grade and began working as a janitor at Jack in the Box.[7] In the eighteen months prior to Schaeffer's murder, Bardo had been arrested three times on charges that included domestic violence and disorderly conduct. Bardo's neighbors also said that he had exhibited unexplained strange and threatening behavior toward them.[8]
Murder
Prior to developing an obsession with Schaeffer, Bardo had stalked child peace activist Samantha Smith. These attempts had ultimately failed to establish any contact with Smith. Smith's return home from the Soviet Union had inspired Bardo to travel to Maine to meet her, but a run-in with state police over a traffic offense caused him such concern that he was drawing attention to himself that he was sufficiently discouraged and returned home. Bardo crafted future plans to stalk Smith until her death in a 1985 plane crash.[9] Bardo claimed he turned his attention towards pop stars Tiffany and Debbie Gibson, but neither obsession had percolated into stalking as he later admitted he could not find a feasible way to carry out his plans in New York City.[10]
After writing numerous letters to Schaeffer, Bardo flew to Los Angeles and attempted to gain access to the set of the CBS television series My Sister Sam, in which Schaeffer played a starring role. He brought a huge teddy bear and flowers while he was entering Warner Bros. Studios Burbank (then known as Television Studios Burbank), intending to meet Schaeffer, but was denied entrance by security, who encouraged him to return home. While the studios had a policy that executives and actors were to be notified about uninvited advances toward them, security later admitted that because Bardo had made very little fuss and left when ordered, the encounter was considered too trivial to report to Schaeffer. He returned to Los Angeles more than a month later, this time carrying a knife, and threatened to kill the security personnel but he was ordered to return home.
In 1989, a year after My Sister Sam cancelled due to low ratings, Bardo hired a detective agency in Tucson and paid $250 to find Schaeffer's home address in Fairfax District, which in turn tracked it via California Department of Motor Vehicles records. At first, he had initially planned to buy a handgun in Tucson, but the gun store owner turned away and was too young being not on the mandatory age of 21 years old. However, he asked his older brother, Edward, to purchase him a Ruger GP100 .357 handgun.[11][12]
On the night of July 17, Bardo took a Greyhound bus, departing Tucson at 7:00 pm and arriving in Los Angeles at 5:00 am on July 18, he began canvassing in Fairfax neighborhood. He arrived at Schaeffer's apartment with the intercom was not working at the time; Schaeffer was awaiting a script from The Godfather Part III expecting to be delivered in her doorstep for her scheduled audition for the role of Mary Corleone later in the afternoon, Bardo presented her an autograph that she previously sent him years earlier; he confronted Schaeffer and became angry that he watched Scenes from the Class Struggle in Beverly Hills a month earlier which Schaeffer starred; in his eyes, she had "lost her innocence" and became "another Hollywood whore".[1][13][14] After having been turned away by Schaeffer, Bardo stopped at a diner for breakfast nearby, only to return to the apartment about an hour later, again ringing the doorbell. When Schaeffer opened the door at 10:15 am, Bardo shot her in the chest and then fled to the scene; Los Angeles police officers rushed to the scene as Bardo had just already escaped; paramedics then rushed Schaeffer to Cedars-Sinai Medical Center via ambulance and was pronounced dead on arrival thirty minutes later. Soon after, Bardo bounded a Greyhound bus to Tucson. He was later spotted at Interstate 10 on July 19, wandering around aimlessly in traffic and was planning a suicide attempt, leading to his arrest to Pima County jail.[15][2]
Following his capture, Bardo was housed in a sensitive needs unit (SNU) for inmates such as gang members, notorious prisoners, and those convicted of sex crimes. During his 1991 trial, he claimed the U2 song "Exit" was an influence in the murder, and the song was played in the courtroom as evidence (with Bardo lip-synching the lyrics).[16][17] Bardo's attorneys conceded that he had murdered Schaeffer, but they argued that he was mentally ill. Forensic psychiatrist Park Dietz, testifying for the defense, said that Bardo had schizophrenia and that his illness directly led to his having committed the murder. Bardo was found guilty of first-degree murder and sentenced to life imprisonment without the possibility of parole.[18] On his 1992 interview in 48 Hours from his prison cell, Bardo had originally intended not to kill Schaeffer nor to harm her if he would've followed Schaeffer's orders, so Schaeffer could have saved her life, but his plan was to commit suicide by his own handgun.[19]
Bardo carried a red paperback copy of The Catcher in the Rye when he murdered Schaeffer, which he tossed onto the roof of a building as he fled.[20] He insisted that it was coincidental and that he was not emulating Mark David Chapman, who had also carried a copy of the novel with him when he shot and killed former BeatleJohn Lennon on December 8, 1980.[21] Chapman later claimed in interviews that he had received letters from Bardo before the murder of Schaeffer, in which Bardo inquired about life in prison.[22][dead link]
Aftermath
As a consequence of Bardo's actions and his methods of obtaining Schaeffer's address, the U.S. Congress passed the Driver's Privacy Protection Act, which prohibits state Departments of Motor Vehicles from disclosing the home addresses of state residents. After the murder, the first anti-stalking state laws were enacted in the US, including California Penal Code 646.9.[1][23]
On July 27, 2007, eighteen years after Schaeffer's death, Bardo was stabbed 11 times on his way to breakfast in the maximum-security unit at Mule Creek State Prison in Amador County, California. Two shivs (inmate-made weapons) were found at the scene. He was treated at the UC Davis Medical Center and returned to prison, officials said. The suspect in the attack was another convict, serving 82 years to life for second-degree murder.[25]
Monica Seles, Yugoslav-born American tennis player who was stabbed by Günter Parche, stalker of German tennis player Steffi Graf in an attempt to reclaim Graf into the world's top ranking.
↑Mariotte, Jeff (2010). Criminal Minds: Sociopaths, Serial Killers, and Other Deviants (1ed.). Wiley. p.222. ISBN978-0-470-63625-1.
↑"Stalker". Most Evil. August 19, 2007. Discovery Channel.
↑Perline, Irvin H.; Goldschmidt, Jona (2004). The Psychology and Law of Workplace Violence: A Handbook for Mental Health Professionals and Employers. Charles C. Thomas Publisher. p.273. ISBN0-398-07432-1.
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