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Ongole cattle

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Ongole
The Ongole Bull of Moses.jpg
Ongole Bull of Moses
Other names
  • Ongolu Gitta
  • Nellore
  • Brahman
Country of originIndia
Use
  • Draught animal
  • Bull race
  • Bull fight
Traits
Weight
  • Male:
    550–700 kg
  • Female:
    400–500 kg
Height
  • Male:
    160–170 cm
  • Female:
    140–155 cm
Skin colourpigmented, dark
Coatwhite or light grey; black markings on head, neck, hump, and feet
Horn statusHorned (short, thick, stumpy)
  • Cattle
  • Bos (primigenius) indicus

The Ongole or Ongole Gitta is an Indian breed of zebuine cattle. It originates in Prakasam District in the state of Andhra Pradesh, and is named for the city of Ongole, the capital of that district. This demand has cemented its status as one of the world's most expensive cattle breed, with elite breeding bulls commanding extraordinarily high prices at auctions. [1] These cattle are commonly used in bull fights in Mexico and some parts of East Africa due to their strength and aggressiveness. They also participate in traditional bull fights in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. Cattle breeders use the fighting ability of the bulls to choose the right stock for breeding in terms of purity and strength. The mascot of the 2002 National Games of India was Veera, an Ongole Bull. [2] [3] [4] [5]

Contents

History

The Ongole is a traditional breed of zebuine cattle of the state of Andhra Pradesh, and is named for the city of Ongole, the capital of Prakasam District of the state. Stock has been exported to several countries, among them Brazil, the United States and Mexico, and has contributed to the development of a number of other breeds.[ citation needed ]

The mascot (Veera) for the 2002 National Games of India was a human figure with the head and tail of a bull, supposedly of this breed. [2] In 2024 an Ongole cow was sold for $4.82 million (approximately ₹41 crore) at an auction in Brazil, the highest price on record for a cow. [6]

Characteristics

Use

Primarily used as a draught animal [7] for agriculture and carting. While not a high milk producer, cows yield a modest amount of milk (approximately 1000–1500 kg per lactation) with a high fat content, suitable for local consumption. Bulls are integral to traditional bull fights and sports like Jallikattu, testing their power and agility. Their genetic traits of disease resistance and adaptability have made them highly valuable in crossbreeding programs worldwide to improve tropical cattle breeds. [8]

References

  1. ↑ "'The world's most expensive cattle': Booming in Brazil, dwindling in India". The Indian Express. 18 March 2025. Retrieved 26 January 2026.
  2. 1 2 "Bull parade hits oblivion track".
  3. ↑ Breeds of Livestock - Ongole, at Oklahoma State University. Reference: Joshi, N.R., Phillips, R.W. (1953) Zebu Cattle of India and Pakistan, FAO Agriculture Studies No. 19, Publ. By FAO, Rome, 256 pp.
  4. ↑ Important Breeds of Cattle and Buffalos in India.
  5. ↑ Characteristics of the Ongole Cattle Breed - Source Department of Animal Husbandry Dairying & Fisheries (DADF) in India
  6. ↑ "This Andhra-origin breed becomes world's most expensive cow at Rs 41 crore in Brazil but is neglected in India". The Economic Times. 13 February 2025. ISSN   0013-0389 . Retrieved 26 January 2026.
  7. ↑ Murali, S. (12 August 2017). "For sheer love of the majestic bull". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 26 January 2026.
  8. ↑ Murali, S. (12 August 2022). "Ongole breed of cattle back in favour". The Hindu. ISSN   0971-751X . Retrieved 26 January 2026.
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