The Federal Marriage Amendment (FMA),also referred to by proponents as the Marriage Protection Amendment,was a proposed amendment to the United States Constitution that would legally define marriage as a union of one man and one woman. The FMA would also prevent judicial extension of marriage rights to same-sex couples.
William Michael Bulger is an American former Democratic politician,lawyer,and educator from South Boston,Massachusetts. His eighteen-year tenure as President of the Massachusetts Senate is the longest in history. After leaving office,he became president of the University of Massachusetts.
The Massachusetts General Court,formally the General Court of Massachusetts,is the state legislature of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts located in the state capital of Boston. The name "General Court" is a holdover from the earliest days of the Massachusetts Bay Colony,when the colonial assembly,in addition to making laws,sat as a judicial court of appeals. Before the adoption of the state constitution in 1780,it was called the Great and General Court,but the official title was shortened by John Adams,author of the state constitution. It is a bicameral body. The upper house is the Massachusetts Senate which is composed of 40 members. The lower body,the Massachusetts House of Representatives,has 160 members;until 1978,the state house had 240 members. It meets in the Massachusetts State House on Beacon Hill in Boston.
Samuel Hoar was an American lawyer and politician. A member of a prominent political family in Massachusetts,he was a leading 19th century lawyer of that state. He was associated with the Federalist Party until its decline after the War of 1812. Over his career,Hoar developed a reputation as a prominent Massachusetts anti-slavery politician and spokesperson. He became a leading member of the Massachusetts Whig Party,a leading and founding member of the Massachusetts Free Soil Party,and a founding member and chair of the committee that organized the founding convention for the Massachusetts Republican Party in 1854.
Robert Edward Travaglini is an American politician and lobbyist. From 2003 to 2007,Travaglini served as President of the Massachusetts Senate. He represented the first Middlesex and Suffolk senate district,encompassing portions of Boston,Cambridge,Revere,and Winthrop.
David Barry Cohen is an American politician who served as a Massachusetts state Representative for the 11th Middlesex district and as the mayor of Newton,Massachusetts.
Jarrett Tomás Barrios was the chief executive officer of the American Red Cross Los Angeles Region,a former politician and activist. Prior to this,he served as the CEO of the American Red Cross of Massachusetts. Barrios served as a member of both the Massachusetts House of Representatives and the Massachusetts Senate and became the first Latino and first openly gay man elected to the Massachusetts Senate. He subsequently served as president of the Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Massachusetts Foundation and,later,of the Gay &Lesbian Alliance Against Defamation (GLAAD).
Therese Murray is an American politician who served as President of the Massachusetts Senate from 2007 to 2015. Murray,a Democrat,was the first woman to lead a house of the Massachusetts General Court. She represented the Plymouth and Barnstable district in the Massachusetts Senate from 1993 to 2015.
Mitt Romney was sworn in as the 70th Governor of Massachusetts on January 2,2003,along with Lieutenant Governor Kerry Healey. Romney's term ended on January 4,2007;he chose not to run for re-election.
The 2004 United States elections were held on Tuesday,November 2,2004,during the early years of the war on terror and after the 2003 invasion of Iraq. Republican President George W. Bush won re-election and Republicans retained control of Congress.
Harriette L. Chandler is an American politician who was the 94th President of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts State Senator for the 1st Worcester district,which includes parts of the city of Worcester,where she resides,and the towns of Boylston,Holden,Princeton,and West Boylston,and parts of Clinton and Northborough. She is a Democrat who has served since January 2001. From 1995 to 2001 she was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives. Prior to serving in the Massachusetts legislature,she was a member of the Worcester school committee from 1991 to 1994. She is the first woman from Worcester ever to be elected to the Massachusetts Senate.
Carol A. Donovan is an American politician who was a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1991 to 2005.
William C. Galvin is an American insurance broker and politician who represents the 6th Norfolk District in the Massachusetts House of Representatives. A member of the Democratic Party,he was first elected to the legislature in 1990.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 11th Suffolk district in the United States is one of 160 legislative districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers part of the city of Boston in Suffolk County. Democrat Liz Malia of Jamaica Plain has represented the district since 1998.
The 183rd Massachusetts General Court,consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives,met in 2003 and 2004 during the governorship of Mitt Romney. Robert Travaglini served as president of the Senate. Thomas Finneran and then Salvatore DiMasi each served as speaker of the House.
The 116th Massachusetts General Court,consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives,met in 1895 during the governorship of Frederic T. Greenhalge. William M. Butler served as president of the Senate and George von Lengerke Meyer served as speaker of the House.
The 164th Massachusetts General Court,consisting of the Massachusetts Senate and the Massachusetts House of Representatives,met in 1965 and 1966 during the governorship of John Volpe. Maurice A. Donahue served as president of the Senate and John Davoren served as speaker of the House. On April 22,1965,Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. delivered an address to a joint session of the General Court after meeting with Massachusetts Governor John Volpe. In the same month,Volpe filed a request for legislation from the state legislature that defined schools with nonwhite enrollments greater than 50 percent to be imbalanced and granted the State Board of Education the power to withhold state funds from any school district in the state that was found to have racial imbalance,which Volpe would sign into law the following August.
