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List of the prehistoric life of South Carolina

Last updated October 23, 2025

The Paleobiology Database records no known ocences of Precambrian fossils in Alabama.

Paleozoic

† Agraulos
† Hypagnostus
- † Hypagnostus mammillatus
† Paradoxides
- † Parcus – or unidentified comparable form
† Peronopsis
- † Peronopsis fallax
Fossil of the Cambrian trilobite Ptychagnostus
† Ptychagnostus
- † Ptychagnostus fissus
† Skreiaspis

Mesozoic

A living Acteon barrel bubble sea snail
† Acteon
† Acutostrea
- † Acutostrea plumosa
† Aenona
- † Aenona eufaulensis
† Amaurellina
- † Amaurellina stephensoni
† Ambigostrea
- † Ambigostrea sloani
- † Ambigostrea tecticosta
Interior and exterior of a shell of an Anomia , or jingle shell
† Anomia
- † Anomia argentaria
- † Anomia ornata
† Anomoeodus
- † Anomoeodus phaseolus
† Aphrodina
- † Aphrodina tippana
† Arca
† Archaeolamna
- † Archaeolamna kopingensis
Ataphrus
Fossilized shell of the Late Cretaceous ammonoid cephalopod Baculites
† Baculites
† Bellifusus
- † Bellifusus crassicostatus
- † Bellifusus curvicostatus
† Borodinopristis
- † Borodinopristis schwimmeri
Botula
- † Botula carolinensis
† Brachyrhizodus
- † Brachyrhizodus wichitaensis
Caestocorbula
- † Caestocorbula crassaplica
- † Caestocorbula crassiplica
- † Caestocorbula terramaria
† Calliomphalus
- † Calliomphalus americanus
- † Calliomphalus nudus
Calyptraea
† Camptonectes
- † Camptonectes argillensis
- † Camptonectes bubonis
† Cantioscyllium
- † Cantioscyllium meyeri
A living Carcharias sand tiger shark
Carcharias
- † Carcharias holmdelensis
- † Carcharias samhammeri
Chiloscyllium
Cliona
† Clisocolus
- † Clisocolus concentricum
Corbula
Crassatella
- † Crassatella carolinana
- † Crassatella vadosa
† Crenella
- † Crenella elegantula
- † Crenella serica
Fossil of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene shark Cretolamna
† Cretalamna
- † Cretalamna appendiculata
† Cretodus
- † Cretodus borodini
Cucullaea
- † Cucullaea capax
- † Cucullaea littlei
- † Cucullaea powersi
† Cuna
- † Cuna texana
† Cuspidaria
- † Cuspidaria ampulla
† Cyclorisma
- † Cyclorisma parva
Cylichna
† Cymbophora
- † Cymbophora appressa
- † Cymbophora berryi
- † Cymbophora trigonalis
† Cyprimeria
- † Cyprimeria alta
- † Cyprimeria depressa
- † Cyprimeria major
Shell of a Dentalium tusk shell
† Dentalium
- † Dentalium leve
- † Dentalium navarroi
† Deussenia
- † Deussenia bellalirata
† Dhondtichlamys
- † Dhondtichlamys venustus
† Drilluta
- † Drilluta buboanus
† Ellipsoscapha
Restoration of the Early Cretaceous-Eocene bony fish Enchodus , or the "saber-toothed herring"
† Enchodus
- † Enchodus petrosus
† Etea
† Eulima
† Euspira
- † Euspira rectilabrum
† Exogyra
- † Exogyra costata
† Flemingostrea
† Gegania
Glossus
Fossilized shell of a Glycymeris , or bittersweet clam
Glycymeris
- † Glycymeris rotundata
† Graciliala
† Granocardium
- † Granocardium bowenae
- † Granocardium kuemmeli
- † Granocardium kummeli
- † Granocardium lowei
- † Granocardium trilineatum – or unidentified comparable form
Gyrodes
- † Gyrodes spillmani
- † Gyrodes supraplicatus
† Hamulus
- † Hamulus huntensis – tentative report
- † Hamulus onyx
- † Hamulus squamosus
† Harduinia
- † Harduinia mortonis
† Helicaulax
- † Helicaulax formosa
† Hercorhynchus
A living Heterodontus , or bullhead shark
Heterodontus
- † Heterodontus granti – or unidentified related form
† Holkopollenites
- † Holkopollenites forix
† Homomya
- † Homomya thrusheri – tentative report
† Hybodus
† Hypolophus
- † Hypolophus mcnultyi
Fossilized shell of the Early Jurassic-Late Cretaceous marine bivalve Inoceramus with a human indicating its size
† Inoceramus
† Ischyrhiza
- † Ischyrhiza avonicola
- † Ischyrhiza mira
Juliacorbula
- † Juliacorbula monmouthensis
Laternula
† Latiala
- † Latiala lobata – or unidentified comparable form
† Laxispira
- † Laxispira monilifera
† Leptosolen
- † Leptosolen biplicata
Lima
- † Lima pelagica
Limatula
- † Limatula acutilineata
Limopsis
† Linearis
- † Linearis magnoliensis
- † Linearis metastriata
† Liopeplum
- † Liopeplum cretaceum
- † Liopeplum leinodosum
† Liopistha
- † Liopistha protexta
† Liothyris – tentative report
Electron micrograph of fossilized teeth from the Early Jurassic-Early Cretaceous freshwater shark Lissodus
† Lissodus
- † Lissodus babulskii
Lithophaga
Lopha
- † Lopha falcata
† Lycettia
- † Lycettia tippana
- † Lycettia tippanus
† Margaritella
- † Margaritella pumila – or unidentified comparable form
† Mathilda
† Medionapus
† Micrabacia
† Modiolus
- † Modiolus sedesclaris
- † Modiolus sedesclarus
- † Modiolus trigonus
† Morea
- † Morea cancellaria
Life restoration of two of the Late Cretaceous Mosasaurus
† Mosasaurus
Myrtea
- † Myrtea stephensoni
† Nemodon
- † Nemodon eufalensis
- † Nemodon eufaulensis
† Nonactaeonina
Nucula
- † Nucula cuneifrons
- † Nucula percrassa
Nuculana
- † Nuculana whitfieldi
† Nymphalucina
- † Nymphalucina linearia
† Ornopsis – tentative report
Ostrea
Fossilized skeletons of the Late Cretaceous bony fish Pachyrhizodus
† Pachyrhizodus – or unidentified comparable form
† Paladmete
- † Paladmete cancellaria
† Paralbula
- † Paralbula casei
† Pararhincodon
† Parmicorbula
- † Parmicorbula terramaria
† Periplomya
† Pleuriocardia
- † Pleuriocardia eufaulense
Fossilized shell of the Paleocene-modern moon snail Polinices
Polinices
† Postligata
- † Postligata wordeni
† Protocardia
- † Protocardia spillmani
† Pseudolimea
- † Pseudolimea reticulata
Pseudomalaxis
- † Pseudomalaxis pilsbryi
† Pteria
† Pterocerella
† Pterotrigonia
- † Pterotrigonia cerulea
- † Pterotrigonia eufalensis
- † Pterotrigonia eufaulensis
† Ptychotrygon
- † Ptychotrygon vermiculata
Pycnodonte
- † Pycnodonte vesicularis
† Pyrifusus
† Remera
Rhinobatos
- † Rhinobatos casieri
Restoration of the Late Cretaceous-Paleocene ray Rhombodus
† Rhombodus
- † Rhombodus binkhorsti
- † Rhombodus laevis
Ringicula
- † Ringicula clarki
† Sargana
- † Sargana stantoni
† Schizorhiza
- † Schizorhiza stromeri
Serpula
Solemya
† Solyma
- † Solyma elliptica – or unidentified related form
† Sphenodiscus
Fossilized tooth of the Late Cretaceous shark Squalicorax
Squalicorax
- † Squalicorax kaupi
- † Squalicorax pristodontus
Squatina
- † Squatina hassei
† Stantonella
† Stephanodus – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
Striarca
- † Striarca saffordi
† Syncyclonema
- † Syncyclonema simplicius
Tellina
† Tellinimera
- † Tellinimera buboana
- † Tellinimera gabbi
† Trachybaculites
- † Trachybaculites columna
Trachycardium
- † Trachycardium eufaulensis
Fossilized shells of the Late Jurassic-modern tower snail Turritella
Turritella
- † Turritella bilira
- † Turritella penderensis
- † Turritella pointensis
- † Turritella tippana
- † Turritella trilira
- † Turritella vertebroides
† Uddenia
† Unicardium
- † Unicardium concentricum
† Veniella
- † Veniella conradi
† Vetericardiella
- † Vetericardiella crenalirata

Cenozoic

Selected Cenozoic taxa of South Carolina

† Abra
Acanthocardia
Shells of Acteocina barrel-bubble sea snails
Acteocina
Acteon
† Adeorbis
† Adocus
Aequipecten
Agaronia
Agassizia
† Aglyptorhynchus
† Agorophius
Alligator
- A living Alligator mississippiensis , or American alligator
  † Alligator mississippiensis
Alopias
- † Alopias vulpinus – or unidentified comparable form
† Anotodus
- † Anotodus agassizii
† Altrix
†Amalthea
Ammonia
Amphistegina
Amusium
Anachis
Anadara
- † Anadara brasiliana
- † Anadara ovalis
- † Anadara transversa
Anatina
Shell of an Ancilla sea snail
Ancilla
Angaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
Angulus
Anomia
- † Anomia simplex
Antalis
Antigona
Arbacia
Arca
- † Arca imbricata
Architectonica
Arcinella
- † Arcinella arcinella
- † Arcinella cornuta
Restoration of an Arctodus , or short-faced bear, with a human to scale
† Arctodus
- † Arctodus pristinus
Argopecten
- † Argopecten gibbus
- † Argopecten irradians
Argyrotheca
Artena
Astarte
Astyris
- † Astyris lunata
Athleta
Shell of an Atrina pen shell
Atrina
- † Atrina rigida
- † Atrina seminuda
- † Atrina serrata
† Aturia
Aulacomya
Balaenoptera
Balanophyllia
Balanus
Barbatia
Barnea
Life restoration of the Eocene whale Basilosaurus
† Basilosaurus
Bison
- † Bison antiquus
† Bonellitia
Boonea
- † Boonea seminuda
† Borophagus
- † Borophagus hilli – or unidentified comparable form
Borsonia
Bostrycapulus
- † Bostrycapulus aculeatus
† Bottosaurus
- † Braarudosphaera bigelowii
Brachidontes
- † Brachidontes exustus
Buccella
Bullia
Fossilized shell in multiple views of a Busycon sea snail
Busycon
- † Busycon carica
- † Busycon contrarium
- † Busycon perversum
Busycotypus
- † Busycotypus canaliculatus
† Bythaelurus
Cadulus
Caecum
- † Caecum cooperi
- † Caecum imbricatum
Caestocorbula
Calliostoma
Callista
Calotrophon
- † Calotrophon ostrearum
Calyptraea
- † Calyptraea centralis
Cancellaria
- † Cancellaria reticulata
Canis
- † Canis armbrusteri
- Modern mounted skeleton of Canis lupus , the grey wolf, to scale with a fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene wolf Canis dirus , or dire wolf
  † Canis dirus
Carcharhinus
Carcharias
Carcharodon
- † Carcharodon hastalis
Cardita
Carditamera
† Carolinacetus – type locality for genus
Cassidulina
Castor
- † Castor canadensis
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene giant beaver Castoroides
† Castoroides
- † Castoroides leiseyorum
- † Castoroides ohioensis – or unidentified comparable form
Cerithiella – tentative report
Cerithiopsis
- † Cerithiopsis emersonii
Cerithium – tentative report
† Cervalces
- † Cervalces scotti
Cervus
- † Cervus elaphus
Chama
- † Chama congregata
Cheilea
Chelydra
- † Chelydra serpentina
† Chesapecten
- † Chesapecten jeffersonius
Chicoreus
Chione
- † Chione cancellata
Chlamys
Skull
† Choneziphius
Chrysemys
- † Chrysemys floridana
† Chrysocetus – type locality for genus
Cibicides
Cidaris
Cinctura
- † Cinctura lilium
Cirsotrema
Fossilized Cladocora stony coral
Cladocora
Clavilithes
Clavus
Cliona
Closia
Coccolithus
Cochlespira
Cochliolepis
Coelopleurus
Coluber – or unidentified comparable form
Columbellopsis
Concavus
Conomitra
Conus
- † Conus delessertii
- † Conus jaspideus
Coralliophila
Corbicula
Shell of a Corbula basket clam
Corbula
† Coronodon – type locality for genus
† Cotylocara – type locality for genus
† Coupatezia
- † Crassinella lunulata
Crassostrea
- † Crassostrea virginica
Crepidula
- † Crepidula convexa
- † Crepidula fornicata
- † Crepidula plana
† Cretolamna
- † Cretolamna appendiculata
Crucibulum
Cryptonatica
Cucullaea
Cumingia
Life restoration of the Pliocene-Holocene elephant relative Cuvieronius
† Cuvieronius
Cyclocardia
Cylichna
Cymbovula
- † Cymbovula acicularis
Cypraea
Cythara
Cytherea
Daphnella
Dasyatis
Dasypus
- Fossilized mandible in multiple views of the Pleistocene Dasypus bellus , or beautiful armadillo
  † Dasypus bellus
Dendraster
Dentalium
Dentimargo
- † Dentimargo aureocinctus
Dinocardium
- † Dinocardium robustum
Diodon
Diodora
- † Diodora cayenensis
- † Diplodonta punctata
- † Diplodonta semiaspera
Discinisca
† Discoaster
Discorbis
Donax
- † Donax fossor
- † Donax variabilis
Life restoration of the Eocene whale Dorudon
† Dorudon – type locality for genus
- † Dorudon serratus – type locality for species
Dosinia
Echinocardium
† Echovenator – type locality for genus
† Ecphora
Elaphe – or unidentified comparable form
Elphidium
Ensis
- † Ensis directus
- † Ensis minor
† Eomysticetus – type locality for genus
† Eosurcula
Epitonium
- † Epitonium humphreysii
Equus
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Eremotherium
† Eremotherium
- † Eremotherium laurillardi
Erethizon
- † Erethizon dorsatum
Erignathus
- † Erignathus barbatus
Ervilia
Erycina
- † Eucrassatella speciosa
Eupleura
- † Eupleura caudata
Euspira
- † Euspira heros
† Eutrephoceras
Evalea
Fasciolaria
- † Fasciolaria tulipa
† Ficopsis
A living Ficus , or fig tree
Ficus
Finella
- † Finella dubia
Flabellum
Fusinus
Galeocerdo
- † Galeocerdo aduncus
- † Galeocerdo cuvier
Galeodea
Galeorhinus
Gari
Gastrochaena
Fossilized skull of the Miocene crocodile relative Gavialosuchus
† Gavialosuchus
- † Gavialosuchus americanus
Gegania
Gemma
Gemophos
- † Gemophos tinctus
Geochelone
† Georgiacetus
- † Georgiacetus vogtlensis – or unidentified comparable form
† Gigantostrea
Ginglymostoma
Globigerina
Globulina
Glossus
Glycymeris
- † Glycymeris americana
- † Glycymeris decussata
Glyptoactis
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Pleistocene armadillo relative Glyptotherium
† Glyptotherium
Gopherus
Gymnura
Halichoerus – or unidentified comparable form
- † Halichoerus grypus
† Halitherium
- † Halitherium alleni – type locality for species
Hastula – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
Haustator
† Hemiauchenia
- † Hemiauchenia macrocephala
Hemipristis
- † Hemipristis serra
Here
Hexaplex
Hiatella
Life restoration of the Pleistocene armadillo relative Holmesina with a human to scale
† Holmesina
Horologica
Hyotissa
† Hyposaurus
Ilyanassa
- † Ilyanassa obsoleta
- † Ilyanassa trivittata
Infundibulum
† Ischyodus
† Isocrania
Isognomon
Kinosternon
Kurtziella
- † Kurtziella cerina
Laevicardium
- † Laevicardium mortoni
A modern Lamna mackerel shark
Lamna
Latirus – tentative report
Lima
Limaria
Limatula
Linga
† Linthia
Liotia
Lithophaga
Littoraria
- † Littoraria irrorata
Fossilized shell of the Devonian-modern marine bivalve Lucina
Lucina
- † Lucina pensylvanica
Lunularia
Lynx
- † Lynx rufus
Lyria
Macoma
- † Macoma balthica
- † Macoma tenta
Macrocallista
- † Macrocallista maculata
- † Macrocallista nimbosa
Mactra
Malaclemys
- † Malaclemys terrapin
† Mammut
- Restoration of a Mammut americanum , or American mastodon
  † Mammut americanum
† Mammuthus
- † Mammuthus columbi – or unidentified comparable form
Manta
- † Manta fragilis
Maretia
Marginella
Martesia
† Mathilda
† Mauricia
Mounted fossilized skeleton of the Miocene-Pleistocene ground sloth Megalonyx
† Megalonyx
- † Megalonyx jeffersonii
Meiocardia
Melampus
- † Melampus bidentatus
Melanella
- † Melanella conoidea
Menippe – tentative report
Mercenaria
- † Mercenaria mercenaria
Mesalia
Mesodesma
† Metaxytherium
Metis – tentative report
Microdrillia
Restoration of the Pliocene-Pleistocene Miracinonyx , or American cheetah
† Miracinonyx
- † Miracinonyx inexpectatus
Mitrella
Mobula
Modiolus
Mulinia
- † Mulinia lateralis
Murex
Murexiella
- † Murexiella glypta
- † Murexiella macgintyi
† Mya
- † Mya arenaria
Myliobatis
Fossilized skeleton of the Pliocene-Holocene peccary Mylohyus
† Mylohyus
- † Mylohyus fossilis – or unidentified comparable form
Mytilus
† Nanosiren – tentative report
Nassarius
- † Nassarius acutus
- † Nassarius vibex
Natica
Naticarius
Nebrius
† Neochoerus
- † Neochoerus aesopi
- † Neochoerus pinckneyi
A living Neofiber , or round-tailed muskrat
Neofiber
- † Neofiber alleni
Neomonachus
- † Neomonachus tropicalis
Neverita
Nodipecten
Nucula
- † Nucula proxima
- † Nuculana acuta
Oculina
Odobenus
- A living Odobenus rosmarus , or walrus
  † Odobenus rosmarus
Odocoileus
- † Odocoileus virginianus
Odostomia
- † Odostomia pedroana – or unidentified comparable form
Oliva
- † Oliva sayana
Olivella
- † Olivella mutica
† Ontocetus
- † Ontocetus emmonsi
† Ophiomorpha
† Osteopygis
Ostrea
† Otodus
- Diagram illustrating the largest (grey) and most conservative (red) size estimates of the Miocene-Pliocene shark Carcharocles megalodon (sometimes Carcharodon or Otodusmegalodon) with a whale shark (violet), great white shark (green), and anachronistic human (black) to scale
  † Otodus megalodon
† Oxyrhina
† Pachecoa
† Pachyarmatherium
- † Pachyarmatherium leiseyi
† Palaeochenoides – tentative report
- † Palaeochenoides mioceanus
† Palaeolama
† Palaeophis
Pandora
Panopea
Panthera
- † Panthera leo
- † Panthera onca
† Paramylodon
- † Paramylodon harlani – or unidentified comparable form
Parvanachis
- † Parvanachis obesa
Pecten
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Pleistocene false-toothed bird Pelagornis
† Pelagornis
- † Pelagornis sandersi – type locality for species
Penion
Petaloconchus
Petricola
- † Petricola pholadiformis
Phalium
Phoca
Pholadomya
Pholas
Phos
Phyllonotus
- † Phyllonotus pomum
Physa
A living Physeter macrocephalus , or sperm whale
Physeter
† Physogaleus
Pinna
Pitar
- † Pitar morrhuanus
Placopecten
Planorbis
Pleuromeris
- † Pleuromeris tridentata
Pleurotomaria
Plicatula
- † Plicatula gibbosa
Polinices
Polymesoda
- † Polymesoda caroliniana
† Prionodon
A living Pristis sawfish
Pristis
† Procolpochelys
Procyon
- † Procyon lotor
† Protosiren
Prunum
- † Prunum roscidum
Psammechinus
Hypothetical restoration of the Oligocene-Pliocene sea turtle Psephophorus
† Psephophorus
Pseudochama
Pseudoliva
Pseudorca
- † Pseudorca crassidens
Pteria
- † Pteria colymbus
Pteromeris
- † Pteromeris perplana
A living Puma
† Puma
- † Puma concolor
Puncturella
Pusula
- † Pusula pediculus
Pycnodonte
Pyramidella
Pyrgo
† Quadrans
Quinqueloculina
Raja
Rangia
Rangifer
- † Rangifer tarandus – or unidentified comparable form
Ranina
Raphitoma
Retusa
A living Rhincodon , or whale shark
Rhincodon
- † Rhincodon typus – or unidentified comparable form
Rhinobatos
Rhinoptera
- † Rhinoptera bonasus – or unidentified comparable form
Rhizoprionodon
Rhynchobatus
Rosalina
Rostellaria – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
Sassia
Sayella
- † Sayella fusca
Scapharca
Scaphella
Schizoporella
- † Schizoporella unicornis
Sconsia
Scyliorhinus – tentative report
Seila
- † Seila adamsii
Semele
Serpulorbis
Sigatica
- † Sigatica carolinensis
Sigmodon
Sinum
- † Sinum perspectivum
Life restoration of the Pleistocene-Holocene saber-tooth cat Smilodon
† Smilodon
- † Smilodon fatalis
Solariella
Solemya
Solen
- † Solen ensis
Solenosteira
- † Solenosteira cancellaria
† Spatangus
Sphyrna
- † Sphyrna media – or unidentified comparable form
- † Sphyrna zygaena
Spisula
Spondylus
Life restoration of the Oligocene-Miocene shark-toothed dolphin Squalodon
† Squalodon
Squatina
Stewartia
Strioterebrum
Strombus
- † Strombus pugilis
Subcancilla
Sveltella
Sveltia
† Syllomus
Sylvilagus
Tagelus
A living Tapirus , or tapir
Tapirus
- † Tapirus veroensis
Tectonatica
- † Tectonatica pusilla
Teinostoma
Tellina
Tenagodus
Terebra
- † Terebra protexta
† Teredina
Teredo
Terrapene
- † Terrapene carolina
Textularia
Fossilized skeleton of the Oligocene-Miocene gavial relative Thecachampsa
† Thecachampsa
† Thoracosaurus
Thracia
Timoclea
Trachycardium
- † Trachycardium egmontianum
- † Trachycardium muricatum
Tremarctos
- † Tremarctos floridanus
Triakis – tentative report
A living Trichechus , or manatee
Trichechus
Trigonostoma
† Trinacria
Triplofusus
- † Triplofusus giganteus
Trivia
Trochita
Trochus
† Tuba
Tucetona
Turbo – report made of unidentified related form or using admittedly obsolete nomenclature
Turbonilla
- † Turbonilla aragoni – or unidentified comparable form
- † Turbonilla interrupta
Turricula
Turris
Turritella
Tursiops
- A living Tursiops truncatus , or common bottlenose dolphin
  † Tursiops truncatus – or unidentified comparable form
† Tusciziphius
† Tympanonesiotes – type locality for genus
- † Tympanonesiotes wetmorei – type locality for species
Typhis
Urocyon
- † Urocyon cinereoargenteus – or unidentified comparable form
Urosalpinx
- † Urosalpinx cinerea
Venericardia
Vermicularia
- † Vermicularia fargoi
- † Vermicularia spirata
Verticordia
Vexillum
- † Vexillum wandoense
Leaves and fruit of a living Vitis , or grapevine
Vitis
Voluta
Volutifusus
Xenophora
- † Xenophora conchyliophora
† Xenorophus – type locality for genus
† Xiphiorhynchus
† Xylotrypa
Yoldia
- † Yoldia limatula

References

Various Contributors to the Paleobiology Database. "Fossilworks: Gateway to the Paleobiology Database" . Retrieved December 17, 2021.

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