英文互译镜像站

List of the last monarchs in Europe

Last updated

This is a list of the last monarchs in Europe.

Nation / territoryMonarchTitleBirthReigned fromReign ceasedReasonDeathArmsRef
Flag of Albania (1939).svg  Albania Stamp of Albania - 1939 - Colnect 173117 - King Victor Emmanuel III.jpeg Victor Emmanuel III King of Albania 11 November 186916 April 19393 September 1943 Armistice of Cassibile 28 December 1947 Great CoA of the Kingdom of Albania (1939-1943).svg [1]
Flag of Lusignan dynasty.webp Armenia Bust Leon V of Armenia.jpg Levon V King of Armenia 134213741375Deposed29 November 1393 Coat of arms of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia.svg
Flag of Austria-Hungary (1867-1918).svg  Austria-Hungary Emperor Charles I of Austria.jpg Charles I and IV Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary 17 August 188721 November 191611 & 13 November 1918 "Relinquished participation in the administration of the State" 1 April 1922 Austro-hungarian coat of arms 1914.svg [2]
Flag of Bulgaria.svg  Bulgaria BASA-3K-15-302-26-Simeon-The Prince of Turnovo.jpeg Simeon II Tsar of Bulgaria 16 June 193728 August 194315 September 1946 Republican constitution adopted Living State Achievement of Bulgaria 1908-1946.svg [3]
Flag of Independent State of Croatia.svg  Croatia Prince Aimone of Savoy - restored.jpg Tomislav II King of Croatia 9 March 190018 May 194131 July 1943Abdicated29 January 1948 Coat of arms of Croatia (1941-1945).svg [4]
Stemma reale di Giano di Cipro.svg Cyprus Tiziano, ritratto postumo di caterina corner come santa caterina d'alessandria, 1542 (cropped).jpg Catherine Queen of Cyprus25 November 145426 August 147426 February 1489Abdicated10 July 1510 Coat of Arms of the House of Lusignan (Kings of Armenia, Cyprus and Jerusalem).svg [5]
Flag of France (1794-1815).svg  France Franz Xaver Winterhalter Napoleon III.jpg Napoleon III Emperor of the French 20 April 18082 December 18524 September 1870 Abdicated 9 January 1873 Coat of Arms Second French Empire (1852-1870)-2.svg [6]
Flag of the German Empire.svg  Germany Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany - 1902.jpg Wilhelm II German Emperor, King of Prussia 27 January 185915 June 18889 November 1918 Abdicated 9 June 1941 Wappen Deutsches Reich - Reichsadler 1889.svg [7]
Flag of Greece (1822-1978).svg  Greece Aankomst Grieks Koninklijk paar op Schiphol, Bestanddeelnr 918-8596 (cropped).jpg Constantine II King of the Hellenes 2 June 19406 March 19641 June 1973 Deposed 10 January 2023 Royal Coat of Arms of Greece.svg [8]
Flag of Iceland (1918-1944).svg  Iceland Christian X - Peter Elfelt.jpg Christian X King of Iceland 26 September 187014 May 191217 June 1944 Republican constitution adopted 20 April 1947 Kingdom of Iceland Coat of Arms.svg [9]
Flag of Ireland.svg  Irish Free State King George VI LOC matpc.14736 A (cropped).jpg George VI King of Great Britain, Ireland and the British Dominions beyond the Seas 14 December 189511 December 193629 December 1937 Constitution of Ireland 6 February 1952 Seal of the Irish Free State.png
Flag of Italy (1861-1946) crowned.svg  Italy Umberto II, 1944.jpg Umberto II King of Italy 15 September 19049 May 194618 June 1946 Republican constitution adopted 18 March 1983 Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Italy (1890).svg [10]
Flag of Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti.svg Kartli-Kakheti (Eastern Georgia) George XII of Georgia.jpg George XII King of all Georgia, King of all Kartli, Kakheti and all the other lands 10 November 174611 January 179828 December 1800Death28 December 1800 Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti.svg
Flag of Malta.svg  Malta Queen Elizabeth II official portrait for 1959 tour (retouched) (cropped) (3-to-4 aspect ratio).jpg Elizabeth II Queen of Malta 21 April 192621 September 196413 December 1974Republican constitution adopted8 September 2022 Coat of arms of Malta 1964-1975.svg [11]
Flag of Montenegro (1905-1918).svg  Montenegro Nicholas I of Montenegro.jpg Nicholas I King of Montenegro 7 October 184128 August 191026 November 1918 Monarchy abolished 1 March 1921 Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Montenegro.svg [12]
Flag of Portugal (1830-1910).svg  Portugal Manoel II, King of Portugal (Nov 1909).png Manuel II King of Portugal and the Algarves 15 November 18891 February 19085 October 1910 Monarchy abolished 2 July 1932 Coats of arms of the Kingdom of Portugal and Algarves (1834 to 1910) - Lesser.png [13]
Flag of Romania.svg  Romania Mihai.jpg Michael I King of Romania 25 October 19216 September 194030 December 1947 Monarchy abolished 5 December 2017 Kingdom of Romania - Big CoA.svg [14]
Flag of Russia.svg  Russia Mikola II (cropped)-2.jpg Nicholas II Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias 18 May 18681 November 189415 March 1917 Abdicated 17 July 1918 Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire.svg [15]
Flag of Yugoslavia (1918-1943).svg  Yugoslavia Peter II Karadordevic.jpg Peter II King of Yugoslavia 6 September 19239 October 193429 November 1945 Deposed 3 November 1970 Coat of arms of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.svg [16]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Tucker, Spencer C. (2016). World War II: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection [5 volumes]: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection. Vol. I. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. p. 91. ISBN   9781851099696.
  2. ↑ Edward P. Keleher, "Emperor Karl and the Sixtus Affair: Politico-Nationalist Repercussions in the Reich German and Austro-German Camps, and the Disintegration of Habsburg Austria, 1916-1918." East European Quarterly 26.2 (1992): 163+.
  3. ↑ Gotev, Georgi (2017-11-20). "Bulgaria's Simeon: Time to leave a mark after so many years of isolation". euractiv.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  4. ↑ Lemkin, Raphael (2005) [1944]. Axis Rule in Occupied Europe: Laws of Occupation, Analysis of Government, Proposals for Redress. Clark, NJ: The Lawbook Exchange, Ltd. p. 253. ISBN   9781584779018.
  5. ↑ Mellersh, H. E. L.; Williams, Neville (1999). Chronology of world history. ABC-CLIO. ISBN   978-1-57607-155-7.
  6. ↑ Hansen, Valerie; Curtis, Kenneth R. (2016). Voyages in World History, Volume II, Brief. Vol. 2. Boston. MA: Cengage Learning. p. 524. ISBN   9781305537729.
  7. ↑ Cecil, Lamar (1996). Wilhelm II: Volume 2, Emperor and Exile, 1900-1941. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press. p. 292. ISBN   9780807860748.
  8. ↑ Gage, Nicholas; Gage, Joan Paulson (2015-08-21). "Why Is the King of Greece Living as a Commoner?". Town & Country. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  9. ↑ Guðmundsson, Helgi Hrafn (29 May 2014). "The Nazi King Of Iceland". The Reykjavik Grapevine. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  10. ↑ Mack Smith, Denis (1992). Italy and Its Monarchy. Yale University Press. p. 340. ISBN   9780300051322.
  11. ↑ Zammit Marmarà, Desmond (12 December 2009). "The Republic of Malta". Times of Malta. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  12. ↑ "Government Bill Aims To Rehabilitate Montenegro's Royal Family". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. 18 April 2011. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  13. ↑ Starbuck, Lydia (2018-09-22). "What happened to Portugal's monarchy?". Royal Central. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  14. ↑ Dunlop, Tessa (2017-12-05). "Michael I of Romania Obituary: Former monarch and last surviving head of state from the second world war". The Guardian. ISSN   0261-3077 . Retrieved 2019-01-23.
  15. ↑ Ferro, Marc (1995). Nicholas II: Last of the Tsars . Oxford University Press. ISBN   9780195093827.
  16. ↑ Langlois, Jill (26 May 2013). "Serbia holds state funeral for Yugoslavia's last king". Public Radio International. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.
整站下载器 时间因子转换镜像 YES镜站站群引擎 主动推送镜像站群 蚂蚁镜像站群