This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page . (Learn how and when to remove these messages) This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations . Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations.(August 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) This article needs additional citations for verification . Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources:  "List of presidents of Portugal"  –  news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (August 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this message ) ( Learn how and when to remove this message )

• Top left: Teófilo Braga President of the Provisional Government of the Republic.
• Top right: Óscar Carmona was the longest serving head of state.
• Bottom left: António Ramalho Eanes was the first president elected in democracy.
• Bottom right: António José Seguro is the incumbent president.

The complete list of presidents of the Portuguese Republic consists of the 20 heads of state in the history of Portugal since the 5 October 1910 revolution that installed a republican regime.

Contents

• Election terms
• Presidents
• First Republic (1910–1926)
• Second Republic (1926–1974)
• Third Republic (1974–present)
• Timeline
• Birthplaces
• Presidents by time in office
• See also
• Notes
• References
• External links

This list includes not only those persons who were sworn into office as President of Portugal but also those who de facto served as head of state since 1910. This is the case of Teófilo Braga who served as President of the Provisional Government after the republican coup d'état . Also Sidónio Pais, Mendes Cabeçadas, Gomes da Costa, as well as Canto e Castro and Óscar Carmona in their early months, were not sworn into office as presidents of the Republic, usually being prime ministers, but de facto accumulated this function, thus combining in practice head of state and head of government in one person.

See the notes for more information.

Election terms

The numbering reflects the uninterrupted terms in office served by a single man. For example, Jorge Sampaio served two consecutive terms and is counted as the 19th president (not the 19th and 20th). Teófilo Braga served as the first and sole president of the Provisional Government, and therefore is not considered to be the first president, although he would serve again as head of state and be the second president after the resignation of Manuel de Arriaga.

However, Bernardino Machado served two non-consecutive terms, and he is counted as both the third and the eighth presidents. Because of this, the list below contains 20 presidencies, but only 19 presidents.

Under the Constitution of Portugal adopted in 1976, in the wake of the 1974 Carnation Revolution, the president is elected to a five-year term with the possibility of running for a second consecutive term; there is no limit to the number of terms a president may serve, but a president who serves two consecutive terms may not serve again in the next five years after the second term finishes.

The official residence of the president of Portugal is the Belém Palace.

The current president of the Portuguese Republic is António José Seguro, the winner of the 2026 presidential election.

Presidents

The colors indicate the political affiliation of each president.

   Republican
   Democratic
   National Republican
   Evolutionist Party/Republican Liberal
   National Union/Popular National Action
   Democratic Renewal
   Socialist
   Social Democratic
  Independent
   Interim holder

First Republic (1910–1926)

No.	Portrait	President (Lifespan)	Term of office			Election	Party		Ref.
			Start	End	Duration
-		Teófilo Braga [a] (1843–1924)	5 October 1910	24 August 1911	333 days	—		Republican	[1]
Presidents of the Republic (1911–1926)
1		Manuel de Arriaga (1840–1917)	24 August 1911	26 May 1915 [R]	3 years, 278 days	1911		Republican later Democratic [2]	[3] [2]
2		Teófilo Braga (1843–1924)	29 May 1915	5 October 1915	129 days	May 1915		Democratic [4]	[3] [4]
3		Bernardino Machado (1851–1944)	5 October 1915	5 December 1917 [C]	2 years, 60 days	August 1915		Democratic [5]	[3] [5]
-		Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: Sidónio Pais	12 December 1917	28 April 1918	137 days	—		Independent	[3] [6]
4		Sidónio Pais [b] (1872–1918)	28 April 1918	14 December 1918 [A]	230 days	April 1918		National Republican [6]	[3] [6]
-		Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: João do Canto e Castro	14 December 1918	16 December 1918	2 days	—		National Republican	[7]
5		João do Canto e Castro [c] (1862–1934)	16 December 1918	5 October 1919	293 days	December 1918		National Republican [8]	[3] [8]
6		António José de Almeida (1866–1929)	5 October 1919	5 October 1923	4 years	1919		Evolutionist later Republican Liberal [9]	[3] [9]
7		Manuel Teixeira Gomes (1860–1941)	5 October 1923	11 December 1925 [R]	2 year, 67 days	1923		Democratic [10]	[3] [10]
8		Bernardino Machado (1851–1944) 2nd time	11 December 1925	31 May 1926 [C]	171 days	1925		Democratic [5]	[3] [5]

Second Republic (1926–1974)

No.	Portrait	President (Lifespan)	Term of office			Election	Party		Ref.
			Start	End	Duration
Ditadura Nacional (National Dictatorship) (1926–1932)
9		José Mendes Cabeçadas [d] (1883–1965)	31 May 1926	17 June 1926 [C]	17 days	—		Independent [11]	[3] [11]
-		Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: Manuel Gomes da Costa	17 June 1926	29 June 1926	12 days	—		Independent	[12]
10		Manuel Gomes da Costa [d] (1863–1929)	29 June 1926	9 July 1926 [C]	10 days	—		Independent [13]	[3] [13]
-		Ministry (Head of State ex officio) President: Óscar Carmona	9 July 1926	16 November 1926	130 days	—		Independent	[3] [14]
11		Óscar Carmona [d] [e] (1869–1951)	16 November 1926	15 April 1928	1 year, 149 days	—		Independent from 1932 National Union	[3] [14]
	Estado Novo (New State) (1932–1974)
		Óscar Carmona (1869–1951)	15 April 1928	18 April 1951 [D]	22 years, 362 days	1928 1935 1942 1949
-		António de Oliveira Salazar [f] (1889–1970) (interim)	18 April 1951	21 July 1951	93 days	—		National Union	[15]
12		Francisco Craveiro Lopes (1894–1964)	21 July 1951	9 August 1958	7 years, 19 days	1951		National Union	[3] [16]
13		Américo Tomás (1894–1987)	9 August 1958	25 April 1974 [C]	15 years, 259 days	1958 1965 1972		National Union from 1970 People's National Action	[3] [17]

Third Republic (1974–present)

No.	Portrait	President (Lifespan)	Term of office			Election	Party		Ref.
			Start	End	Duration
Presidents appointed in the aftermath of the Carnation Revolution (1974–1976)
-	National Salvation Junta [g] President: António de Spínola		25 April 1974	15 May 1974	20 days	—		Independent	[18]
14		António de Spínola (1910–1996)	15 May 1974	30 September 1974 [R]	138 days	—		Independent	[3] [18]
15		Francisco da Costa Gomes (1914–2001)	30 September 1974	14 July 1976	1 year, 288 days	—		Independent	[3] [19]
Presidents elected under the Constitution of the Republic (1976–present)
16		António Ramalho Eanes (born 1935)	14 July 1976	9 March 1986	9 years, 238 days	1976 1980		Independent from 1985 0 Democratic Renewal 0	[3] [20]
17		Mário Soares (1924–2017)	9 March 1986	9 March 1996	10 years	1986 1991		Socialist	[3] [21]
18		Jorge Sampaio (1939–2021)	9 March 1996	9 March 2006	10 years	1996 2001		Socialist	[3] [22]
19		Aníbal Cavaco Silva (born 1939)	9 March 2006	9 March 2016	10 years	2006 2011		Social Democratic [h]	[3] [24]
20		Marcelo Rebelo de Sousa (born 1948)	9 March 2016	9 March 2026	10 years	2016 2021		Social Democratic [i]	[26]
21		António José Seguro (born 1962)	9 March 2026	Incumbent	2 days	2026		Socialist	[27] [28]

• Left office early:

^[A] Assassinated.

^[D] Died in office of natural causes.

^[R] Resigned.

^[C] Forced to resign due to a coup d'état.

Timeline

Timeline of Presidents of Portugal (1910–present)

Birthplaces

Pais

Canto e Castro , Gomes da Costa , Carmona , Craveiro Lopes , Thomaz , Soares , Sampaio , Rebelo de Sousa

Almeida

Teixeira Gomes

Cabeçadas

Spínola

Costa Gomes

Eanes

Cavaco Silva

Seguro

Birthplaces of the presidents of the Portuguese Republic. Not shown are Manuel de Arriaga (born in Horta, Azores, Portugal), Teófilo Braga (born in Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal), and Bernardino Machado (born in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil).

Presidents by time in office

See also

• President of Portugal
• First Lady of Portugal
• List of heads of state of Portugal
• List of prime ministers of Portugal
• List of Portuguese monarchs
• Prime Minister of Portugal
• Politics of Portugal
• History of Portugal
  • History of Portugal (1910–1926)
  • History of Portugal (1926–1932)
  • History of Portugal (1932–1974)
  • History of Portugal (1974–1986)
  • History of Portugal (1986–2000)
  • History of Portugal (2000–present)
• Timeline of Portuguese history

Notes

References

External links

• Jornal de Notícias (January–May 2006). Museu da Presidência da República/Jornal de Notícias (ed.). Presidents de Portugal - Fotobiografias (1st ed.). Porto.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
• "Portal da História". Biografias dos Presidentes. Retrieved February 8, 2006.