George Floyd Justice In Policing Act (2020–21) - sought to combat police misconduct, excessive force, and racial bias in American policing after murders of George Floyd and Rayshard Brooks.
Reconstruction Act – A series of four acts provided for the division of all former Confederate states into five military districts; Each district would be headed by a military commander, who was charged with ensuring that the states would create new constitutions and ratify the
Civil Rights Act of 1964 - Guaranteed equal voter registration requirements and prohibited discrimination in employment, public accommodations, and education.
The Equal Employment Opportunity Act of 1972 - gave the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) authority to sue in federal courts when it finds reasonable cause to believe that there has been employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.[1]
Equal Credit Opportunity Act (1974) - Prohibited discrimination by creditors against applicants on the basis of race with respect to any aspect of a credit transaction
Article I, Section 2, Clause 3: Declared that slaves be counted as three-fifths of a person in the U.S. Census for the apportionment of members to the U.S. House of Representatives. Reached as a compromise between the Northern free states and the Southern slave states.
Article I, Section 9, Clause 1: Prohibited Congress from prohibiting the international slave trade before the year 1808.
Corwin Amendment (1861) - proposed to prohibit the federal government and future constitutional amendments from interfering with the "domestic institutions" of individual states, implicitly including slavery. Endorsed and signed by President James Buchanan but not ratified before the Civil War
North Carolina v. Mann (1830) - Ruled that slaveholders had absolute authority over slaves, including to commit acts of violence against them.
Prigg v. Pennsylvania (1842) - Overturned Pennsylvania state law prohibiting free blacks from being forcibly taken to the South and enslaved.
Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) - Effectively overturned the Missouri Compromise prohibiting slavery in the North and ruled that African-Americans were not U.S. citizens.
Brown v. Board of Education - composed of four cases arising from states and a related federal case arising from the District of Columbia overturning segregation in schools and the separate-but-equal doctrine.
Jones v. Mayer (1968) - Held that Congress could regulate the sale of private property in order to prevent racial discrimination, upholding the Fair Housing Act of 1968
McCleskey v. Kemp (1987) - ruled that a scientific study demonstrating that the death penalty had a racially-disproportionate impact could not mitigate a death sentence
Executive Order 11246 (1965) - Issued by President Lyndon B. Johnson. It prohibited discrimination in employment decisions on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.
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