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List of ethnic groups in Indonesia by population

Last updated January 30, 2026

More than 600 ethnic groups reside in Indonesia.^[1] Data on ethnic identities were collected nationally in national censuses, such as in the 2000 census and the 2010 census held by Statistics Indonesia.^[2]^[3] The following lists rank ethnic groups in Indonesia by population figures.

2010 census

Initial classification

This list was compiled from the raw data of the 2010 census by Statistics Indonesia (Badan Pusat Statistik, BPS) based on a preliminary classification, which is not meant to be exhaustive and combined figures for smaller groups in various regions.^[3]

Rank	Ethnic group	Population	Percentage
1	Javanese	95,217,022	40.22
2	Sundanese	36,701,670	15.5
3	Batak	8,466,969	3.58
4	Other ethnic groups from Sulawesi	7,634,262	3.22
5	Madurese	7,179,356	3.03
6	Betawi	6,807,968	2.88
7	Minangkabau	6,462,713	2.73
8	Bugis	6,359,700	2.69
9	Malay	5,365,399	2.27
10	Ethnic groups from South Sumatra	5,119,581	2.16
11	Bantenese	4,657,784	1.97
12	Ethnic groups from East Nusa Tenggara	4,184,923	1.77
13	Banjarese	4,127,124	1.74
14	Ethnic groups from Aceh	4,091,451	1.73
15	Balinese	3,946,416	1.67
16	Sasak	3,173,127	1.34
17	Dayak	3,009,494	1.27
18	Chinese	2,832,510	1.2
19	Ethnic groups from Papua	2,693,630	1.14
20	Makassarese	2,672,590	1.13
21	Other ethnic groups from Sumatra	2,204,472	0.93
22	Moluccan	2,203,415	0.93
23	Other ethnic groups from Kalimantan	1,968,620	0.83
24	Cirebonese	1,877,514	0,79
25	Ethnic groups from Jambi	1,415,547	0.6
26	Ethnic groups from Lampung	1,381,660	0.58
27	Other ethnic groups from West Nusa Tenggara	1,280,094	0.54
28	Gorontalo	1,251,494	0.53
29	Minahasa	1,237,177	0.52
30	Nias	1,041,925	0.44
31	Foreigners	162,772	0.07
	Total	236,728,379	100

New classification

This list was compiled from the same raw data of the 2010 census, according to the "new classification" developed by Institute of Southeast Asian Studies (ISEAS) in collaboration with Statistics Indonesia. The new classification categorized 1,331 coded ethnicities from the census into more than 600 groups instead of just 31 in the initial classification,^[4] completely dissolved the placeholder "ethnic groups from X" categories to better capture the diversity of Indonesia's ethnic demography,^[5] corrected misplaced groups and subgroups,^[6] and attempted to aggregate and separate sub-ethnic groups into ethnic groups by relying on anthropological sources.^[7]

A list of the largest 145 ethnic groups based on the new classification are shown in the table below:^[8]

Rank	Ethnic group	Population	Percentage
1	Javanese	94.843.073	40,06
2	Sundanese	36.704.944	15,51
3	Malay	8.753.791	3,70
4	Batak	8.466.969	3,58
5	Madurese	7.179.356	3,03
6	Betawi	6.807.968	2,88
7	Minangkabau	6.462.713	2,73
8	Bugis	6.415.103	2,71
9	Bantenese	4.642.389	1,96
10	Banjarese	4.127.124	1,74
11	Balinese	3.924.908	1,66
12	Acehnese	3.404.109	1,44
13	Dayak	3.219.626	1,36
14	Sasak	3.175.006	1,34
15	Chinese	2.832.510	1,2
16	Makassarese	2.672.590	1,13
17	Cirebonese	1.877.514	0,79
18	Lampung	1.376.390	0,58
19	Palembang	1.252.258	0,53
20	Gorontalo	1.251.884	0,53
21	Minahasa	1.240.232	0,52
22	Nias	1.041.925	0,44
23	Buton	937.761	0,40
24	Atoni	933.093	0,39
25	Toraja	857.250	0,36
26	Kaili	770.088	0,33
27	Manggarai	737.615	0,31
28	Ogan	721.613	0,30
29	Mandar	684.688	0,29
30	Bangka	683.193	0,29
31	Bima	665.383	0,28
32	Sumba	658.721	0,28
33	Musi	654.105	0,28
34	Dani	650.898	0,27
35	Sangir	553.853	0,23
36	Rejang	454.673	0,19
37	Ambon	442.585	0,19
38	Tolaki	425.938	0,18
39	Luwu	420.117	0,18
40	Sumbawa	396.906	0,17
41	Komering	370.119	0,16
42	Gayo	336.856	0,14
43	Muna	332.437	0,14
44	Auwye/Mee	316.357	0,13
45	Mongondow	304.292	0,13
46	Kerinci	303.550	0,13
47	Lamaholot	294.615	0,12
48	Ngada	289.950	0,12
49	Osing	286.653	0,12
50	Kutai	279.055	0,12
51	Timor Leste origin	269.368	0,11
52	Flores origin	260.069	0,11
53	Bajau	241.836	0,10
54	Rote	239.346	0,10
55	Duri	238.084	0,10
56	Kei	213.826	0,09
57	Biak-Numfor	204.415	0,09
58	Belitung	201.068	0,08
59	Alor	196.529	0,08
60	Seram	194.818	0,08
61	Rawas	192.705	0,08
62	Lio	187.155	0,08
63	Pamona	186.163	0,08
64	Savu	177.297	0,07
65	Banggai	165.381	0,07
66	Enim	163.628	0,07
67	Lembak	163.262	0,07
68	Rambang	144.986	0,06
69	Ngalik/Yali	133.812	0,06
70	Mamasa	133.659	0,06
71	Ternate	133.110	0,06
72	Asmat	132.991	0,06
73	Selayar	131.213	0,06
74	Mbojo	127.972	0,05
75	Daya	121.289	0,05
76	Buol	119.713	0,05
77	Arabs	118.866	0,05
78	Tobelo	115.946	0,05
79	Tanimbar	110.597	0,05
80	Mamuju	108.229	0,05
81	Galela	102.456	0,04
82	Yapen	99.305	0,04
83	Dauwa	99.239	0,04
84	Alas	98.223	0,04
85	Saluan	97.134	0,04
86	Talaud	97.314	0,04
87	Tomini	93.879	0,04
88	Makian	90.960	0,04
89	Saparua	89.674	0,04
90	Tidore	87.524	0,04
91	Sula	84.858	0,04
92	Bawean	83.409	0,04
93	Arfak	73.828	0,03
94	Pasir	73.350	0,03
95	Lauje	72.371	0,03
96	Mentawai	69.145	0,03
97	Simeulue	67.722	0,03
98	Aneuk Jamee	63.357	0,03
99	Moni	63.309	0,03
100	Dompu	61.817	0,03
101	Buru	57.521	0,02
102	Singkil	52.982	0,02
103	Tamiang	52.901	0,02
104	Ayfat	52.654	0,02
105	Mariri	45.550	0,02
106	Ta'a	44.579	0,02
107	Mukomuko	43.750	0,02
108	Ketengban	42.025	0,02
109	Tialo	41.703	0,02
110	Kaur	40.863	0,02
111	Moronene	40.025	0,02
112	Marind Anim	37.558	0,02
113	Pattae	34.962	0,01
114	Geser-Gorom	33.598	0,01
115	Haruku	31.052	0,01
116	Aru	30.942	0,01
117	Sentani	30.661	0,01
118	Ngalum	29.186	0,01
119	Pekal	29.173	0,01
120	Kamoro/Mimika	28.645	0,01
121	Loloda	28.132	0,01
122	Kisar	27.963	0,01
123	Akit	27.769	0,01
124	Babar	27.450	0,01
125	Hubula/Hupla	27.353	0,01
126	Waropen	27.073	0,01
127	Mbaham/Baham	24.521	0,01
128	Bali Aga	23.826	0,01
129	Tobaru	23.704	0,01
130	Banda	23.247	0,01
131	Kau	22.970	0,01
132	Damal	22.479	0,01
133	Mooi/Moi	21.923	0,01
134	Yaghay	21.121	0,01
135	Patani	19.387	0,01
136	Galumpang	18.350	0,01
137	Wandamen	16.562	0,01
138	Tehit	16.398	0,01
139	Suwawa	16.374	0,01
140	Kore	16.313	0,01
141	Irarutu	12.033	0,01
142	Kokoda	10.146	0,00
143	Inanwatan	9.685	0,00
144	Wamesa	9.548	0,00
145	Atinggola	6.090	0,00
146	Others	2.199.556	0,89
	Total	236.728.379	100

References

↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 12.
↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. xv–xvi.
1 2 Na'im, Akhsan; Syaputra, Hendry (2011). "Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2022.
↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 12, 27–28.
↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 30–31.
↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 31–33.
↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 35–37.
↑ Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 119–122.

Bibliography

Ananta, Aris; Arifin, Evi Nurvidya; Hasbullah, M. Sairi; Handayani, Nur Budi; Pramono, Agus (2015). Demography of Indonesia's Ethnicity. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. pp. 119–122. ISBN 9814519871.

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[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani201512-1] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 12.

[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani2015xv–xvi-2] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. xv–xvi.

[BPS-3] 1 2 Na'im, Akhsan; Syaputra, Hendry (2011). "Kewarganegaraan, Suku Bangsa, Agama dan Bahasa Sehari-hari Penduduk Indonesia" (PDF) (in Indonesian). Statistics Indonesia. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 21 August 2022.

[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani201512,_27–28-4] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 12, 27–28.

[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani201530–31-5] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 30–31.

[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani201531–33-6] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 31–33.

[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani201535–37-7] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 35–37.

[FOOTNOTEAnantaArifinHasbullahHandayani2015119–122-8] Ananta et al. 2015, pp. 119–122.

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