• Battle of Kerj Abu Dulaf

• Fierce battles take place between Kutalmışoğul Emir Mansur and Emir Porsuk.
• Death of Emir Mansur.
• Suppression of his independence activities.
• Rise and conquests of Suleiman ibn Qutalmish.
• Historians suggest that the campaign was to eliminate both the sons of Kutalmış, but only the fate of Emir Mansur could be sealed.

Supported by:-
Seljuk Empire
Abbasid Caliph

• Foundation of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum in Anatolia.
• Fall of Nicaea, Nicomedia and Bithynia.
• Recognition by the Great Seljuks and the Abbasid Caliph.

• Fall of Konya, Aksaray and Kayseri and other major Anatolian towns.
• A tax of 1,000,000 gold coins imposed on the Byzantine Empire.
• Malik-Shah I cedes the conquered territories to Suleiman Shah.

Byzantine Empire

• • Michael VII Doukas
    • Michael's loyalists.

Sultanate of Rum  
Turkoman tribesmen. 

• Nikephoros III Botaneiates seizes the throne.
• As per deals, the borders of the sultanate extend up to the shores of Marmara, Aegean, Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

Military Support:
Sultanate of Rum
Turkoman mercenaries.

• Nikephoros Basilakes is ambushed and defeated at Varda River.
• Nikephoros Bryennios is defeated at the Battle of Kalavrye.
• Revolt suppressed. Turks are given a share in the spoils.

Rebel forces

• • Alexios I Komnenos
    • Alexios' loyalists.
  • Maria of Alania
  • Nikephoros Melissenos
    • Melissenos' loyalists.

Sultanate of Rum
Turkoman mercenaries.

• Alexios I Komnenos becomes emperor.
• Nikephoros Melissenos is given the title of Caesar.
• Byzantium agrees to pay an annual tribute to the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum.

• Sultanate of Rum assists Alexios I Komnenos in his defensive campaigns.
• Alexios I Komnenos recognizes the borders of Rum up to the Drakon River.

• Fall of Tarsus, Adana, Anazarba, Masisa and other major Cilician towns.

Seljuk Empire

• Fall of Antioch, as well as the districts of Harim and Duluk of Aleppo.

• Suleiman ibn Qutalmish becomes the victor of the battle.
• Death of Muslim ibn Quraysh.

• Siege lifted

• Fall of Ma'arra, Kafartab, Shayzar and Qinnasrin.
• Suleyman Shah marries Menia Hatun, the widowed wife of Sharaf al-Dawla Muslim.

• Death of Suleiman ibn Qutalmish.
• Brief occupation of the Sultanate of Rum by the Tzachas, Elchanes and Poulchanes.
• Imprisonment of Kilij Arslan I by Malik-Shah I.
• Loss of Antioch to the Seljuk Empire.

• Siege lifted due to Emir Porsuk's campaign.

• Destruction of Abu'l-Qasim's fleet.
• Land army of Tatikios defeats Abu'l-Qasim's army.
• Loss of Nicomedia.
• Truce favourable to Byzantium concluded.

• Siege lifted.
• Withdrawal of Emir Porsuk.

• Siege lifted by Emir Bozan due to fierce resistance by Abu'l-Qasim.
• Abu'l-Qasim assassinated in a plot by Emir Bozan.
• Large swaths of Anatolia come under the Great Seljuk Empire.

• Siege of Nicaea
• Fall of Kapıdağ and Uluabat regions to Rum.
• Battles at Land and Sea.

Sultanate of Rum

• • Kilij Arslan I
    • Arslan's loyalists.
  • Ilhan Muhammad (POW)

Turkoman mercenaries.

• Kilij Arslan I forces Alexios I Komnenos to lift the siege of Nicaea.
• Ilhan Muhammed launched a fierce attack at the entrance to the lake and routed the Byzantines.
• Land army of Alexios defeats and captures Ilhan Muhammed.
• Both sides make peace due to heavy losses.

• Initial conquests. ^[30]
• Battle of the Oinousses Islands (1090)
• Campaigns of Constantine Dalassenos (1091-92)
• Siege of Abydos and Death.
• Fall of Smyrna.

Tzachas

• • Chaka Bey X
    • Chaka Bey's loyalists.

Byzantine rebels

• • Rhapsomates
  • Karykes

Sultanate of Rum

• • Kilij Arslan  
    • Arslan's loyalists. 
  • Abu'l-Qasim

Turkoman mercenaries.

• Chaka Bey was initially supported by Rum, then governed by Abu'l-Qasim, and also in the beginning of Kilij Arslan's reign through a marriage alliance.
• Alexios I Komnenos incited Kilij Arslan against Chaka Bey which led to the Bey's assassination.
• Seljuks and Byzantines surround Smyrna by land & sea, leading to its fall.
• Although Kilij Arslan succeed in his motive, it led to a Seljuk loss by weakening the struggle against Byzantium.

• Siege of Xerigordos
• Battle of Civetot

• Kilij Arslan breaks the Siege of Xerigordos and brutally punishes the crusaders.
• Kilij Arslan and army annihilate over 60,000 crusaders at Civetot.

• Kilij Arslan attacked Malatya to capture it before the Danishmendids.
• Kilij Arslan fails to capture Malatya due to the fierce resistance of Gabriel of Melitene.
• According to some sources, Kilij Arslan also tended to invade the Danishmendid Beylik in Anatolia, which led to a battle that concluded with peace due to the First Crusade.

• Siege of Nicaea
• Battle of Dorylaeum (1097)

• Large swaths of Anatolia, including Nicaea, fall to the Byzantine Empire.
• Sack of Nicaea, Iconium and Kayseri. Capital shifted to Konya.
• Kilij Arslan and allies are defeated at the Battle of Dorylaeum.
• The Crusaders successfully capture Jerusalem and establish the Crusader states.

• Death of Sweyn the Crusader.
• Destruction of his army on way to Jerusalem.

• Battle of Melitene

• Although Malatya couldn't fall, Gazi Gümüshtigin ambushed and captured Bohemond I of Antioch.
• It is questioned whether Kilij Arslan supported him or not, as he himself wanted Malatya.

• Fall of Ankara.
• Attacks on Gangra & Kastamonu.
• Battle of Mersivan.
• Battles of Heraclea.

• Kilij Arslan and allies defeat the crusaders at the Battle of Mersivan.
• Kilij Arslan and army subsequently rout the crusaders at the Battles of Heraclea.
• Fatimids defeat the crusaders at the Battle of Ramla (1102) and besiege the city of Jaffa.