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List of South American tornadoes in 2025

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The 2025 South American season consisted of tornadoes and tornado outbreaks across South America.

Contents

South American tornadoes of 2025
Tornado em Rio Bonito do Iguacu 01.jpg
2025 Dec Flores da Cunha tornado.jpg
Tornado em Rio Bonito do Iguacu 06.jpg
Church-destroyed-by-guarapuava-tornado.jpg
Damage in Mombuca 2026 01.jpg
Clockwise from top: Aerial view of the damage caused by the Rio Bonito do Iguaçu tornado; A stadium partially destroyed by an F2 tornado; Piles of rubble after destruction caused by the Rio Bonito tornado; The aftermath of a church after being totally destroyed by a second F4 from the same day as Rio Bonito do Iguaçu tornado; A sugarcane field partially damaged by a tornado in Mombuca.
TimespanJanuary 1st - December 28th
Maximum rated tornado F4 tornado
Tornadoes47
Damage>R$114,000,000 [1]
Fatalities7 (855 injuries)
Part of the tornadoes of 2025
Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
6413502047

Some tornadoes may be rated using the EF-scale because countries like Brazil (mostly São Paulo), Chile or Paraguay use partially or unofficially the Enhanced Fujita scale to rate some tornadoes more efficiently, however, to maintain consistency, this article primarily uses the traditional Fujita scale on the total count. In other cases of tornadoes rated using the EF-scale, their equivalent or the Fujita scale will be used instead.

Most South American tornadoes outside Brazil may lack information due to scarce or unreliable sources, even official confirmation, and some tornadoes may not be added to the list due to lack of information.

Climatology

Similar to North America or Europe, South America also experiences a few tornadoes per year, Brazil being one of the countries with the highest incidence of tornadoes outside the regions traditionally known for such phenomena. According to a survey by the State University of Ponta Grossa (UEPG), between 1975 and 2018, a total of 581 tornadoes were recorded in the country, 411 of which occurred in the Southern Region, accounting for approximately 70% of all cases. In 2018, the PREVOTS platform was established to document severe weather events across Brazil. Upon completing five years of operation, a report indicated that between June 2018 and June 2023, 321 damage incidents caused by tornadoes were recorded, including waterspouts. [2] Most tornadoes in Brazil are associated with high-precipitation supercells, resulting in rain-wrapped tornadoes that are difficult to see. The annual average number of tornadoes in Brazil remains uncertain due to the country's less robust meteorological infrastructure compared to nations like the United States or Canada, and because of the low population density in the most tornado-prone areas. These factors contribute to underreporting, with many tornadoes being identified only months or even years after they occur. Recent estimates suggest a plausible average of 50 to 60 tornadoes per year, although this figure lacks official confirmation due to the aforementioned limitations.

Season summary

All severe weather documented during September to November (preliminary) September to November severe weather Brazil 2025.jpg
All severe weather documented during September to November (preliminary)
All severe weather documented during December (preliminary) December severe weather Brazil 2025.jpg
All severe weather documented during December (preliminary)

The year started slowly, during January to April, little to no tornadoes were documented, mostly being weak and short-lived tornadoes/waterspouts ranging from FU to F0, with one F1 documented.

During May to September, two small tornado outbreaks would happen, some F0-F1 tornadoes and only two E/F2 tornadoes would occur.

During November to December, two outbreaks would happen from extratropical cyclones, bringing mostly severe weather to Brazil, and barely for Argentina and Uruguay, with two violent and moderate tornadoes and various F1 tornadoes documented in Brazil.

The most significant tornadoes of the year were the Rio Bonito do Iguaçu tornado and Guarapuava, Candói tornado being the only F4 tornadoes in years, since 2018, where a violent tornado would happen in Coxilha and nearby areas, being rated as F4 by PREVOTS.[ citation needed ]

Also, the Rio Bonito do Iguaçu tornado is considered as the widest tornado of South America.

January

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
01000003

January 1

List of confirmed tornadoes - Wednesday, January 1 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Mar Chiquita AR Unknown~12:00UnknownUnknown
A brief multi-vortex tornado touched down on Mar Chiquita, Argentina and caused minor damages before dissipating. [4] [5]

January 8

List of confirmed tornadoes - Wednesday, January 8 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Formosa do Rio Preto, Bahia BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A landspout was seen through the rural areas of Formosa do Rio Preto, in Bahia. It was registered by a resident and confirmed by Prevots. [6]

January 24

List of confirmed tornadoes - Friday, January 24 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F0 Curuçá, Pará BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A waterspout struck Curuçá, in Pará. It advanced towards the land and caused little damage. [6]

March

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
00000002

March 3

List of confirmed tornadoes - Monday, March 3 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Tacuarembó, Tacuarembó Department UR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado occurred in an open field; Some trees were snapped. The event caused no human deaths or injuries, but it killed some animals. [7]

March 31

List of confirmed tornadoes - Saturday, March 31 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Guaíba, Rio Grande do Sul BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A waterspout struck Guaíba, in Rio Grande do Sul. It occurred during a severe weather event with strong winds; at least two waterspouts were recorded. [6]

April

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
00000002

April 5

List of confirmed tornadoes - Saturday, April 05 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Aracruz, Espírito Santo BR Unknown17:00UnknownUnknown
A waterspout was documented by bathers just a couple of metres away from the sand. [8]

April 18

List of confirmed tornadoes - Friday, April 18 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Três Marias, Minas Gerais BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A brief waterspout was recorded by a local fisher in a dam on Rio São Francisco. [9]

May

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
00110006

May 8

List of confirmed tornadoes - Thursday, May 8 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Bossoroca, Rio Grande do Sul BR UnknownUnknownUnknown<1 km
On the 8th, two tornadoes were spotted in the rural area of Bossoroca, Rio Grande do Sul, in the early evening. There was no significant damage. [6]
F? Bossoroca, Rio Grande do Sul BR UnknownUnknownUnknown<1 km
On the 8th, two tornadoes were spotted in the rural area of Bossoroca, Rio Grande do Sul, in the early evening. There was no significant damage. [6]

May 9

List of confirmed tornadoes - Friday, May 9 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F2 Erval Grande, Rio Grande do Sul BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado classified as F2 by Prevots struck Erval Grande, also in Rio Grande do Sul. Many properties were affected and damaged, with trees and power lines downed. [6]
F? Palmitos, Santa Catarina BR Unknown14:00UnknownUnknown
1 death — A tornado struck Palmitos on Santa Catarina, damaging more than 50 rural properties and downing trees, resulting in the fatality of a man and 65 displaced people. The phenomenon lasted 20 minutes. [6] [10]
F? Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, Santa Catarina BR Unknown19:00-19:30UnknownUnknown
A tornado struck Santo Amaro da Imperatriz, where homes were damaged, including a mixed-wood and masonry residence that suffered serious damage. Trees were downed and one fatality was confirmed. [6]

May 25

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, May 25 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
EF1 Puerto Varas, Los Lagos Region CL Unknown15:30UnknownUnknown
Caused minimal damages to the city, no injuries were documented. [11] [12]

June

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
20010008

June 3

List of confirmed tornadoes - Tuesday, June 3 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
FU Kaloré, Paraná BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado struck Kaloré, in Paraná. Caused light to moderate damage to crops. Confirmed by Prevots. [6]

June 4

List of confirmed tornadoes - Tuesday, June 3 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
FU Lajeado Grande, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado (FU) struck Lajeado Grande, in Santa Catarina. It was said to be the beginning of a tornado, but confirmed as a tornado by Civil Defense and Prevots. [6]

June 22

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, June 22 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? São José do Cerrito, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado struck São José do Cerrito, in Santa Catarina causing moderate damage to vegetation, with some trees being downed. [6]
F? Lages, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado struck Lages, in Santa Catarina causing moderate damage to vegetation, with some trees being downed. [6]
F? Descanso, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
the municipality of Descanso also recorded a tornado. In this case, there was severe damage to eucalyptus plantations. [6]
F? Belmonte, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
the municipality of Belmonte also recorded a tornado. In this case, there was severe damage to eucalyptus plantations. [6]
F? Xavantina, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado occurred in Xavantina, causing damage to forested areas. [6]

June 23

List of confirmed tornadoes - Monday, June 23 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
EF2 Passos Maia, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknown14.8 km (9.1 mi)>800 m (>874 yd)
In the early morning of the 23rd, a strong tornado struck Passos Maia. Trees were uprooted or cut and thrown several meters. Power poles were snapped and toppled. Warehouses were completely destroyed. According to Prevots, the tornado was classified as EF2/F2. However, in some parts of its path, damage consistent with intensities above EF2 was observed. [6]

July

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
00000001

July 13

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, July 13 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Aracruz, Espírito Santo BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Two waterspouts were registered by local residents in Barra do Riacho and caused no damage. [13]

August

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
00100001

August 30

List of confirmed tornadoes - Saturday, August 30 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F1 Soledad, Atlántico CO UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado struck the town of Soledad, Colombia, damaging over 700 homes across 10 neighborhoods. Eleven people were injured and received medical attention. Mayor Alcira Sandoval declared a state of public calamity to coordinate emergency response and humanitarian aid. [14] [15]

September

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
33110008

September 20

List of confirmed tornadoes - Saturday, September 20 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F0 San Luis AR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Landspout with winds over 70 km/h (43 mph) registered by local residents crossing the rural areas of San Luis, Argentina, beginning the September 2025 tornado outbreak that occurred on Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. [16]
EF0 Linares CL Unknown12:00UnknownUnknown
A tornado destroyed multiple homes causing widespread power outages, ripped roofs off multiple homes, uprooted trees and downed power lines. [17]
F0 San Pedro de La Paz AR Unknown14:00UnknownUnknown
Little to no information, rated preliminary as F0. [18]

September 22

List of confirmed tornadoes - Monday, September 21 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
FU Barra Bonita, Santa Catarina BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A strong tornado struck Barra Bonita that damaged about 40 houses, including one wooden house that was lifted on top of a car.
F1 Santa Maria do Oeste, Paraná BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
An F1 tornado struck Santa Maria do Oeste, damaging crops and houses, leaving residents in blackout and without water. [19]
FU Reserva, Paraná BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Tornado struck Reserva and snapped and uprooted trees and destroyed greenhouses. [20]
FU Concepción PY Unknown15:00UnknownUnknown
Approximately 50 homes were partially or fully destroyed with the passage of the tornado.
EF2+ Porto Feliz, São Paulo BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Another tornado touched down and struck Porto Feliz where a Toyota plant suffered extensive damages, injuring 30 workers. The tornado was preliminary rated EF2+ by PREVOTS. [21]

November

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
105102010

November 3

List of confirmed tornadoes - Monday, November 3 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F? Itaiópolis, Santa Catarina BR Unknown14h55~7 km (4 mi)Unknown
A tornado struck the municipality of Itaiópolis, in Santa Catarina. Eucalyptus trees were damaged, and homes in Itápolis suffered moderate to significant damage, with no deaths or injuries were reported. [6] [22]

November 7

List of confirmed tornadoes – Friday, November 7, 2025 [23] [24] [25]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax. width
F1 Dionísio Cerqueira, PR BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
This tornado caused damage to approximately 60 homes. There were reports of roofs being torn off and trees falling. Damage was reported at a school and a church. [26]
F1 Xaxim, PR BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Supercellular tornado registered by PREVOTS [6]
F1 Xanxerê and Faxinal dos Guedes, PR BR Unknown~17:00UnknownUnknown
Partial destruction of structures was reported, along with vehicle damage and a bus being flipped over. 164 houses had received tarpaulins. [6]
F4 Quedas do Iguaçu, Espigão Alto do Iguaçu, Nova Laranjeiras, Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, Porto Barreiro, Laranjeiras do Sul, Virmond, Cantagalo, PR BR 25°27′09″S52°54′26″W / 25.4525149°S 52.9071011°W / -25.4525149; -52.9071011 (Quedas do Iguaçu (Nov. 7, F4)) ~17:3075 km (47 mi)3,250 m (3,550 yd)
6 deaths (1 indirectly) – A extremely large tornado devasted the municipality of Rio Bonito do Iguaçu, killing five people (one indirectly), injuring +800 others and causing devastating widespread damage. The tornado was 2.02 mi (3.25 km) wide and traveled 75 km (47 miles), rated as F4 by MetSul Meteorologia, PREVOTS and Simepar. See the full article
F4 Candói and Guarapuava, PR BR UnknownUnknown44 km (27 mi)1,160 m (1,270 yd)
1 death – Extreme sweeping of dense hardwood trees were found at two points along the path of this tornado. Ground scouring was also noted at these points. A large commercial container was hurled 165 m (180 yd). [23]
F1 Campina do Simão, PR BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Supercellular tornado registered by PREVOTS. [6]
F2 Turvo, PR BR UnknownUnknown12 km (7.5 mi)675 m (738 yd)
Supercellular tornado filmed between Guarapuava and Candói rural areas.
FU Marilândia do Sul, PR BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Supercellular tornado registered by PREVOTS. [6]
F1 Faxinal and Mauá da Serra, PR BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
Several properties had their roofs torn off, trees and poles were knocked over, and vehicles were flipped. [27]

December

Confirmed tornadoes by Fujita rating
FUF0F1F2F3F4F5Total
00510006

December 7

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, December 7 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F1 Rio das Pedras BR Unknown19:21UnknownUnknown
A nighttime tornado was filmed in city's rural area and confirmed by PREVOTS. [6]
F1 Mombuca BR 22°56'23"S 47°33'05"WUnknownUnknownUnknown
Another nighttime tornado struck the city's rural area and was confirmed by PREVOTS in 2026. Significant damage to the root system of a young sugarcane field suggests an F1 tornado. [6] [28]

December 8

List of confirmed tornadoes - Monday, December 8 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F2 Flores da Cunha, Rio Grande do Sul BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A significant tornado struck the municipality of Flores da Cunha, in Rio Grande do Sul. Houses had their roofs torn off, trees were uprooted, more than 20 vineyards were destroyed, and the city's cafeteria and hospital were damaged. No one was injured. Classified as low-end F2. [6] [29]

December 12

List of confirmed tornadoes - Friday, December 12 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F1 Teodoro Sampaio, São Paulo BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A tornado struck the municipality of Teodoro Sampaio, in São Paulo. It lasted a short time and only caused damage to the city's cemetery, breaking or uprooting trees. Damage suggests an F0 and F1 tornado. [6] [30]

December 21

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, December 21 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F1 Alto Paraná PY UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A brief and weak tornado formed on Santa Rita in Paraguay and caused minor damages to rural structures, rated as F1 by Dirección de Meteorología e Hidrología (DMH). [31]

December 28

List of confirmed tornadoes - Sunday, December 28 2025 [3]
F# LocationCountryStart coord.Time (UTC-3)Path lengthMax width
F1 Farroupilha BR UnknownUnknownUnknownUnknown
A high precipitation brief tornado formed in Farroupilha causing damage to house roofs, weak structures and homes. Metsul estimated a F1 rating. [32]

See also

Notes

    References

    1. Pública, JORNAL DO BRASIL com Agência (November 17, 2025). "Rio Bonito do Iguaçu: risco de tornado era conhecido, mas Defesa Civil não informou". Jornal do Brasil (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved November 18, 2025.
    2. brunozribeiro (June 2023). PRETS completes 5 years of data! (Report). Retrieved May 16, 2025.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 All dates are based on the local time zone where the tornado touched down; however, all times are in Coordinated Universal Time for consistency.
    4. "Se registró un tornado en Mar Chiquita en medio del temporal que azotó a la costa atlántica". La Nación (in Spanish). January 2, 2025. Retrieved April 28, 2025.
    5. "Tornado e impactante temporal en el centro del país". La Comarca (in Spanish). Retrieved April 28, 2025.
    6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 "PREVOTS" (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved January 27, 2026.
    7. "SUPERCÉLULA DE TEMPESTADE FORMA GRANDE TORNADO NO URUGUAI". metsul.com. March 3, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
    8. "VÍDEO: Banhista flagra tromba d'água em praia durante passagem de frente fria no ES". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). April 6, 2025. Retrieved January 14, 2026.
    9. "VÍDEO: Pescador flagra tornado no céu de Três Marias" (in Brazilian Portuguese). April 19, 2025. Retrieved January 14, 2026.
    10. "Defesa Civil confirma 2º tornado no mesmo dia durante temporais que causaram morte e estragos em SC". May 12, 2025. Retrieved January 29, 2026.
    11. "Los impactantes registros del tornado que causó graves daños en Puerto Varas". CNN Chile (in Spanish). May 25, 2025. Retrieved January 4, 2026.
    12. BNO News (May 25, 2025). "Rare tornado damages buildings in southern Chile". BNO News. Retrieved January 4, 2025.
    13. "Nuvem-funil: fenômeno flagrado em Aracruz chama a atenção; veja vídeo". July 14, 2025. Retrieved January 29, 2026.
    14. Tornado tipo F1 causó daños en 10 barrios de Soledad: hay 11 heridos. El Universal. August 31, 2025.
    15. Gobernación del Atlántico y UNGRD ayudan en emergencia por tornado en Soledad. El Universal. August 31, 2025.
    16. "The moment a tornado formed on San Luis with 70 km/h wind bursts". MetSul Meteorologia (in Spanish). September 22, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
    17. Kothari, Rishav (September 21, 2025). "Tornado damages or destroys 150 homes in Linares, Chile". The Watchers.
    18. "Preliminary map of the probable path of the F-0 tornado" (in Spanish). September 20, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
    19. "Simepar confirms tornado in Santa Maria do Oeste and recorded wind bursts on the state" (in Brazilian Portuguese). September 24, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
    20. "Thunderstorm outbreak brings tornadoes in SC, PR, SP, Argentina and Uruguay". MetSul Meteorologia (in Brazilian Portuguese). September 24, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
    21. "Toyota halts plant production in Brazil after storm damage". Reuters. September 24, 2025. Retrieved January 3, 2026.
    22. NOTA METEOROLÓGICA SDC/SC 04/11 – Tempestade severa com tornado causa destruição no interior de Itaiópolis. Defesa civil do estado de Santa Catarina (Report) (in Brazilian Portuguese). November 5, 2025. Retrieved November 5, 2025.
    23. 1 2 PREVOTS [@prevots_svr] (November 18, 2025). "O tornado de Candói–Guarapuava, PR, foi elevado para F4" [The Candói–Guarapuava, PR tornado has been upgraded to F4.] (Tweet) (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved November 19, 2025 via Twitter.
    24. PREVOTS [@prevots_svr] (November 12, 2025). "A lista com as classificações preliminares é: Rio Bonito do Iguaçu-PR: F4[;] Guarapuava/Candói-PR: F3[;] Turvo-PR: F2 [...]" [The list with the preliminary classifications is: Rio Bonito do Iguaçu: F4[;] Guarapuava/Candói-PR: F3 [...]] (Tweet) (in Brazilian Portuguese). Archived from the original on November 16, 2025. Retrieved November 16, 2025 via Twitter.
    25. "Laudo técnico final do Simepar eleva classificação de tornados que atingiram 11 cidades do Paraná". Governo do Estado do Paraná (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved November 30, 2025.
    26. "Defesa Civil confirma três tornados em Santa Catarina". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). November 8, 2025. Retrieved November 20, 2025.
    27. TNOnline (November 8, 2025). "Temporal devasta Mauá da Serra; casas ficaram destelhadas e sem luz". TNOnline (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved November 20, 2025.
    28. Photo: Damage in Mombuca caused by a tornado in December 2025, January 8, 2026, retrieved January 12, 2026
    29. "Tornado causou a destruição em Flores da Cunha, conclui a MetSul". Metsul (in Brazilian Portuguese). December 9, 2025. Retrieved December 11, 2025.
    30. "VÍDEO: Moradores de Teodoro Sampaio registram tornado 'landspout'; entenda o fenômeno". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). December 13, 2025. Retrieved December 24, 2025.
    31. "Las impresionantes imágenes de un tornado "F1" que se formó inesperadamente en Paraguay". Clarin. December 22, 2025. Retrieved January 11, 2026.
    32. "Destruction aerial images confirms a new tornado in Serra Gaucha". MetSul (in Brazilian Portuguese). December 24, 2025. Retrieved January 6, 2026.
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