This is a partial list of the plant species considered native to Canada.

Contents

• Ca
• Ce
• Ch
• Ci
• Cl
• Co
• Cr
• Cu
• Cy
• References

Many of the plants seen in Canada were introduced, either intentionally or accidentally. For these plants, see List of plants introduced to Canada.

N indicated native and X indicated exotic. Those plants whose status is unknown are marked with a ?.

Due to Canada's biodiversity, this page is divided.

Ca

• Cakile — searockets
  • Cakile edentula — American searocket
• Calamagrostis — reedgrasses
  • Calamagrostis canadensis — Canada bluejoint, Canada reedgrass, Langsdorff's reedgrass, Macoun's reedgrass
  • Calamagrostis deschampsioides — circumpolar reedgrass
  • Calamagrostis lapponica — Lapland reedgrass
  • Calamagrostis purpurascens — purple reedgrass
  • Calamagrostis stricta subsp. inexpansa — bog reedgrass, northern reedgrass
• Calamintha — calamints
  • Calamintha arkansana — low calamint, savoury, wild calamint, limestone wild basil
• Calamovilfa — sandreeds
  • Calamovilfa longifolia var. magna — prairie sandreed
• Calla — callas
  • Calla palustris — wild calla, water arum
• Callitriche — water-starworts
  • Callitriche hermaphroditica — narrowleaf water-starwort, northern water-starwort, autumnal water-starwort
  • Callitriche heterophylla — larger water-starwort
  • Callitriche palustris — vernal water-starwort
• Callitropsis —
  • Callitropsis nootkatensis — Alaska yellow cedar, Nootka false-cypress, yellow cedar
• Calopogon — grass-pinks
  • Calopogon tuberosus — tuberous grass-pink
• Caltha — marsh marigolds
  • Caltha natans — floating marsh marigold
  • Caltha palustris — marsh marigold, cowslip, kingcup, cowflock
• Calypso — calypsoes
  • Calypso bulbosa — calypso, fairy-slipper, nymph-of-the-north
• Calystegia — bindweeds
  • Calystegia sepium — hedge bindweed, wild morning glory
  • Calystegia spithamaea — low bindweed
• Camassia — hyacinths
  • Camassia scilloides — wild hyacinth Threatened
• Campanula — bellflowers
  • Campanula aparinoides — marsh bellflower, bedstraw bedflower, marsh harebell
  • Campanula rotundifolia — American harebell, Scottish bluebell, bluebells of Scotland
• Campanulastrum — bellflowers
  • Campanulastrum americanum — tall bellflower, American bellflower
• Campsis — trumpet vines
  • Campsis radicans — trumpet vine, trumpet creeper
• Canadanthus —
  • Canadanthus modestus — Canada aster, western bog aster, great northern aster, purple northern aster
• Cardamine — toothworts
  • Cardamine bulbosa — spring cress, bulbous cress
  • Cardamine concatenata — cutleaf toothwort, five-parted toothwort, slender toothwort
  • Cardamine diphylla — twoleaf toothwort, broadleaf toothwort, crinkleroot
  • Cardamine douglasii — purple cress, limestone bittercress
  • Cardamine parviflora — small-flowered bittercress, sand bittercress
  • Cardamine pensylvanica — Pennsylvania bittercress, Quaker bittercress
  • Cardamine pratensis var. angustifolia — meadow bittercress
  • Cardamine pratensis var. palustris — cuckoo-flower, lady's smock
• Carex spp.
• Carpinus — hornbeams
  • Carpinus caroliniana — ironwood, American hornbeam, blue beech, musclewood
• Carya — hickories
  • Carya cordiformis — bitternut hickory, swamp hickory, pignut hickory, yellowbud hickory
  • Carya glabra — pignut hickory, sweet pignut, red hickory
  • Carya laciniosa — big shellbark hickory
  • Carya ovata — shagbark hickory, upland hickory, shellbark hickory
• Castanea — chestnuts
  • Castanea dentata — American chestnut, toothed chestnut Endangered
• Castilleja — Indian paintbrushes
  • Castilleja coccinea — scarlet Indian paintbrush, scarlet painted-cup
  • Castilleja raupii — Raup's painted-cup, Raup's Indian paintbrush
  • Castilleja septentrionalis — northern paintbrush, Labrador Indian paintbrush
• Catabrosa — brook grasses
  • Catabrosa aquatica — brook grass, water hairgrass
• Caulophyllum — cohoshes
  • Caulophyllum giganteum
  • Caulophyllum thalictroides — blue cohosh

Ce

• Ceanothus — New Jersey teas
  • Ceanothus americanus — New Jersey tea, redroot, white snowball, mountainsweet
  • Ceanothus herbaceus — narrowleaf New Jersey tea, prairie redroot, inland ceanothus
• Celastrus — bittersweets
  • Celastrus scandens — climbing bittersweet, American bittersweet
• Celtis — hackberries
  • Celtis occidentalis — sugarberry, northern hackberry, false elm, common hackberry
  • Celtis tenuifolia — dwarf hackberry Threatened
• Cenchrus — sandbars
  • Cenchrus longispinus — longspine sandbur
• Cephalanthus — buttonbushes
  • Cephalanthus occidentalis — common buttonbush
• Cerastium — mouse-ear chickweeds
  • Cerastium alpinum — alpine mouse-ear chickweed, alpine chickweed, woolly alpine chickweed
  • Cerastium arvense subsp. strictum — field mouse-ear chickweed, meadow mouse-ear chickweed, prairie mouse-ear chickweed (other subspecies, including the type subsp. arvense, are considered introduced)
  • Cerastium brachypodum — shortstalk mouse-ear chickweed
  • Cerastium nutans — nodding mouse-ear chickweed
  • Cerastium velutinum — long-hairy chickweed
• Ceratophyllum — hornworts
  • Ceratophyllum demersum — common hornwort, coontail
  • Ceratophyllum echinatum — spineless hornwort

Ch

• Chaerophyllum — chervils
  • Chaerophyllum procumbens var. procumbens — spreading chervil
  • Chaerophyllum procumbens var. shortii
• Chamaedaphne — leatherleafs
  • Chamaedaphne calyculata — leatherleaf, dwarf cassandra
• Chamaesyce — spurges
  • Chamaesyce polygonifolia — seaside spurge, seaside sandmat, sea milk-purslane
  • Chamaesyce vermiculata — wormseed spurge, wormseed sandmat, hairy spurge, hairy-stemmed milk-purslane
• Chelone — turtleheads
  • Chelone glabra — white turtlehead
• Chenopodium — goosefeet
  • Chenopodium bushianum — village goosefoot
  • Chenopodium capitatum — strawberry blite, strawberry-spinach, Indian paint, Indian ink, strawberry goosefoot
  • Chenopodium foggii — Fogg's goosefoot
  • Chenopodium leptophyllum — narrowleaf goosefoot
  • Chenopodium pratericola — pale goosefoot, narrowleaf goosefoot, desert goosefoot
  • Chenopodium salinum
  • Chenopodium simplex — mapleleaf goosefoot, giantseed goosefoot
  • Chenopodium standleyanum — Standley's goosefoot
• Chimaphila — pipsissewas
  • Chimaphila maculata — striped pipsissewa, striped wintergreen, spotted wintergreen, striped prince's pine Endangered
  • Chimaphila umbellata — pipsissewa, prince's pine
• Chrysanthemum — daisies
  • Chrysanthemum arcticum — arctic daisy
• Chrysosplenium — saxifrages
  • Chrysosplenium americanum — golden saxifrage, American watermat, American golden saxifrage
  • Chrysosplenium tetrandrum — alternate-leaf watermat, northern golden saxifrage, northern golden-carpet

Ci

• Cicuta — water hemlocks
  • Cicuta bulbifera — bulb-bearing water hemlock
  • Cicuta maculata — spotted water hemlock, spotted cowbane, musquash-root, beaver-poison
  • Cicuta virosa — MacKenzie's water hemlock, northern water hemlock
• Cimicifuga — cohoshes
  • Cimicifuga racemosa — black cohosh, black snakeroot, black bugbane
• Cinna — wood reedgrasses
  • Cinna arundinacea — stout wood reedgrass
  • Cinna latifolia — slender wood reedgrass, drooping woodreed, broadleaf woodgrass
• Circaea — enchanter's nightshades
  • Circaea alpina — dwarf enchanter's nightshade, small enchanter's nightshade
  • Circaea lutetiana — Canada enchanter's nightshade, southern broadleaf enchanter's nightshade
• Cirsium — thistles
  • Cirsium discolor — pasture thistle, field thistle
  • Cirsium drummondii — Drummond's thistle, short-stem thistle, dwarf thistle
  • Cirsium flodmanii — prairie thistle, woolly thistle, Flodman's thistle
  • Cirsium hillii — Hill's thistle Threatened
  • Cirsium muticum — swamp thistle, dunce nettle, horsetops
  • Cirsium pitcheri — Pitcher's thistle, sand dune thistle

Cl

• Cladium — twigrushes
  • Cladium mariscoides — twigrush, smooth sawgrass
• Claytonia — spring beauties
  • Claytonia caroliniana — Carolina spring beauty
  • Claytonia virginica — eastern spring beauty, narrowleaf spring beauty, Virginia spring beauty
• Clematis — virgin's-bowers
  • Clematis occidentalis — western blue virgin's-bower, purple clematis, rock clematis, purple virgin's-bower
  • Clematis virginiana — Virginia virgin's-bower, Devil's darning-needles
• Clinopodium — dog mints
• X Clinopodium acinos (syn. Acinos arvensis) – mother-of-thyme, spring savoury, basil thyme
• Clinopodium vulgare — dog mint, wild basil, cushion calamint
• Clintonia — blue-bead lilies
  • Clintonia borealis — blue-bead lily, cornlily, poisonberry, yellow clintonia

Co

• Coeloglossum — green orchises
  • Coeloglossum viride var. viriscens — long-bract green orchis
  • Coeloglossum viride var. viride — bracted orchid
• Collinsia — horsebalms
  • Collinsia canadensis — Canada horsebalm, northern horsebalm, stoneroot, richweed
  • Collinsia parviflora — bluelips, small blue-eyed Mary
• Collomia — glueseeds
  • Collomia linearis — glueseed, narrowleaf collomia
• Comandra — comandras
  • Comandra umbellata — bastard toadflax, star toadflax
• Comptonia — sweetferns
  • Comptonia peregrina — sweetfern
• Conioselinum — hemlock parsleys
  • Conioselinum chinense — hemlock parsley
• Conopholis— squawroots
  • Conopholis americana — squawroot
• Conyza — fleabanes
  • Conyza canadensis — Canada fleabane, horseweed, butterweed
• Coptis — goldthreads
  • Coptis trifolia — goldthread, canker-root, yellow snakeroot
• Corallorrhiza — coralroots
  • Corallorrhiza maculata — spotted coralroot
  • Corallorhiza odontorhiza — autumn coralroot
  • Corallorrhiza striata — striped coralroot
  • Corallorrhiza trifida — early coralroot, pale coralroot, northern coralroot
• Coreopsis — tickseeds
  • Coreopsis lanceolata — lanceleaf tickseed, garden coreopsis, long-stalked coreopsis
  • Coreopsis tripteris — tall coreopsis
• Corispermum — bugseeds
  • Corispermum americanum — American bugseed
  • Corispermum hookeri — Hooker's bugseed
  • Corispermum pallasii — Pallas' bugseed
  • Corispermum villosum — hairy bugseed
• Cornus — dogwoods
  • Cornus alternifolia — alternate-leaf dogwood, pagoda dogwood, green osier
  • Cornus amomum subsp. amomum — silky dogwood, red willow, swamp dogwood
  • Cornus amomum subsp. obliqua
  • Cornus canadensis — Canada bunchberry, crackerberry, dwarf cornel
  • Cornus drummondii — roughleaf dogwood, Drummond's dogwood
  • Cornus florida — eastern flowering dogwood, common white dogwood
  • Cornus foemina — stiff dogwood, English dogwood, stiff cornel
  • Cornus rugosa — roundleaf dogwood
  • Cornus stolonifera — red-osier dogwood
• Corydalis — corydalises
  • Corydalis aurea — golden corydalis
  • Corydalis flavula — yellow corydalis
  • Corydalis sempervirens — pale corydalis
• Corylus — hazelnuts
  • Corylus americana — American hazelnut, American filbert
  • Corylus cornuta — beaked hazelnut, beaked filbert

Cr

• Crassula — pygmyweeds
  • Crassula aquatica — water pygmyweed
• Crataegus — hawthorns
  • Crataegus apiomorpha
  • Crataegus beata
  • Crataegus brainerdii — Brainerd's hawthorn
  • Crataegus calpodendron — pear hawthorn
  • Crataegus chrysocarpa var. aboriginum
  • Crataegus chrysocarpa var. chrysocarpa — fireberry hawthorn, roundleaf hawthorn
  • Crataegus chrysocarpa var. phoenicea
  • Crataegus coccinea var. coccinea — scarlet hawthorn
  • Crataegus coccinea var. fulleriana — Fuller's hawthorn
  • Crataegus cognata — white-anthered frosted hawthorn
  • Crataegus comptacta
  • Crataegus crus-galli — cockspur hawthorn
  • Crataegus dilatata — broadleaf hawthorn
  • Crataegus dissona
  • Crataegus dodgei var. dodgei — Dodge's hawthorn
  • Crataegus dodgei var. flavida
  • Crataegus douglasii — black hawthorn, Douglas' hawthorn
  • Crataegus flabellata — fanleaf hawthorn, Bosc's thorn, New England hawthorn
  • Crataegus formosa
  • Crataegus irrasa — unshorn thorn, Blanchard's thorn
  • Crataegus lumaria
  • Crataegus macracantha — longthorn hawthorn, largethorn hawthorn
  • Crataegus macrosperma — bigfruit hawthorn, variable thorn
  • Crataegus magniflora
  • Crataegus margeretta
  • Crataegus mollis — downy hawthorn, red haw
  • Crataegus pennsylvanica
  • Crataegus perjucunda — Middlesex frosted hawthorn
  • Crataegus persimilis — plumleaf hawthorn
  • Crataegus populnea
  • Crataegus pringlei — Pringle's hawthorn
  • Crataegus pruinosa var. parvula
  • Crataegus pruinosa var. pruinosa — waxy-fruit hawthorn, frosted hawthorn
  • Crataegus punctata — dotted hawthorn
  • Crataegus rugosa — broadleaf frosted hawthorn
  • Crataegus scabrida
  • Crataegus schuettei — royal hawthorn
  • Crataegus submollis — Québec hawthorn, Emerson's hawthorn
  • Crataegus suborbiculata — Caughuawaga hawthorn
  • Crataegus succulenta — fleshy hawthorn, longspine hawthorn
  • Crataegus tenax
• Cryptogramma — rockbrakes
  • Cryptogramma acrostichoides — American rockbrake, parsleyfern, mountain parsley
  • Cryptogramma stelleri — Steller's rockbrake, slender cliffbrake, fragile rockbrake
• Cryptotaenia — honeworts
  • Cryptotaenia canadensis — Canada honewort

Cu

• Cuscuta — dodders
  • Cuscuta campestris — field dodder
  • Cuscuta cephalanthi — buttonbush dodder
  • Cuscuta coryli — hazel dodder
  • Cuscuta gronovii — common dodder, scaldweed, swamp dodder, Gronovius dodder

Cy

• Cycloloma — pigweeds
  • Cycloloma atriplicifolium — winged pigweed
• Cynoglossum — comfreys
  • Cynoglossum boreale — northern wild comfrey
• Cyperus — flatsedges
  • Cyperus bipartitus — river cyperus, shining flatsedge
  • Cyperus dentatus — toothed umbrella-sedge
  • Cyperus diandrus — umbrella sedge
  • Cyperus erythrorhizos — redroot flatsedge
  • Cyperus esculentus — yellow nutgrass, yellow umbrella sedge, chufa flatsedge
  • Cyperus flavescens — yellow cyperus
  • Cyperus houghtonii — Houghton's flatsedge, Houghton's cyperus
  • Cyperus lupulinus subsp. macilentus
  • Cyperus odoratus — rusty flatsedge
  • Cyperus schweinitzii — Schweinitz' umbrella sedge, Schweinitz' flatsedge
  • Cyperus squarrosus — awned cyperus
  • Cyperus strigosus — straw-coloured flatsedge
• Cypripedium — lady's-slippers
  • Cypripedium acaule — pink lady's-slipper, pink moccasin flower
  • Cypripedium arietinum — ram's-head lady's-slipper
  • Cypripedium candidum — small white lady's-slipper Endangered
  • Cypripedium parviflorum var. makasin — northern small-flowered yellow lady's-slipper
  • Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens — large yellow lady's-slipper, yellow moccasin flower, flat-petalled yellow lady's-slipper, golden slipper, whip-poor-will's shoe
  • Cypripedium passerinum — sparrow's-egg lady's-slipper, Franklin's lady's-slipper
  • Cypripedium reginae — showy lady's-slipper, queen lady's-slipper
• Cystopteris —
  • Cystopteris bulbifera — bulblet bladder fern
  • Cystopteris fragilis — fragile fern, brittle bladder fern
  • Cystopteris laurentiana — Laurentian bladder fern, Laurentian fragile fern
  • Cystopteris montana — mountain bladder fern
  • Cystopteris protrusa — lowland brittle fern
  • Cystopteris tenuis — MacKay's brittle fern

References

See: Flora of Canada#References