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List of Balto-Slavic languages

Last updated July 30, 2025

These are the Balto-Slavic languages categorized by sub-groups, including number of speakers.

Baltic languages

Latvian, 1.75 million speakers (2015)
Latgalian, 164,000 speakers (2021)^[a]
Lithuanian, 3 million speakers (2012)

West Slavic languages

Polish, 55 million speakers (2010)
Kashubian ^[b]
Czech, 10.6 million speakers (2012)
Slovak, 5.2 million speakers (2011–12)
Sorbian, ca. 50,000 speakers (est.)

South Slavic languages

Serbo-Croatian, 21 million speakers (est.), including second language speakers
- Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian and Montenegrin standards with dialectal differences
Bulgarian, 9 million (2005–12)
Slovene, 2.5 million speakers (2010)
Macedonian, 1.4–3.5 million speakers (1986–2011)
Church Slavonic (liturgical)

East Slavic languages

Russian, 150 million speakers (2010), 260 million including L2 (2012)
Ukrainian, 45 million speakers (2007)
Belarusian, 3.2 million speakers (2009)
Rusyn ^[c]

Extinct languages

Proto-Balto-Slavic language

Slavic

Proto-Slavic
Old Church Slavonic, liturgical
Knaanic, Jewish language
Old Novgorod dialect
Old East Slavic, developed into modern East Slavic languages
Old Ruthenian
Polabian language
Pomeranian language, only Kashubian remains as a living dialect
South Slavic dialects used in medieval Greece

Baltic

Notes

↑ Alternatively considered a dialect of Latvian.
↑ Alternatively considered a dialect of Polish or Pomeranian.
↑ Alternatively considered a dialect of Ukrainian.

References

External links

"Slavic languages". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2016-05-21.

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[1] Alternatively considered a dialect of Latvian.

[2] Alternatively considered a dialect of Polish or Pomeranian.

[3] Alternatively considered a dialect of Ukrainian.

[a]

[b]

[c]