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Euphorbia rosescens

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Euphorbia rosescens
Euphorbia rosescens monitored, May 2025.jpg
Euphorbia rosescens specimen flagged for monitoring
Status TNC G1.svg
Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe) [1]
Scientific classification OOjs UI icon edit-ltr.svg
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species:
E. rosescens
Binomial name
Euphorbia rosescens
E.L.Bridges & Orzell [2]

Euphorbia rosescens, commonly called scrub spurge or rosy-pink spurge, is a critically endangered [1] perennial herb [3] endemic to the southern Lake Wales Ridge in Highlands County, Florida. [1]

Contents

Habitat

It occurs in exposed, sandy soils in the fire-dependent habitats of the Florida scrub. It seems to prefer local depressions in deep, white sand scrubs where it may form associations with Florida rosemary and scrub-adapted oaks (including sand live oak, scrub oak, and Chapman's oak, among others). [1]

Description

Resprouted after being mulched Euphorbia rosescens post-mulch-2, May 2025.jpg
Resprouted after being mulched

Despite its diminutive size, the plant is deeply-rooted with roughly fifty times more biomass below-ground than above-ground. [4] This aids it in being resilient to disturbance once established, with individuals frequently resprouting after fire or mechanical disturbance. [1]

Conservation

A relatively recently described species, its conservation status under federal and state listings is unclear. However, NatureServe has listed the species as at extreme risk due to habitat loss and habitat fragmentation as the southern Lake Wales Ridge continues a rapid rate of development for real estate and agriculture. The species is known to exist in less than 20 known sites, though not all sites are thought to support healthy populations. [1]

Flowering structure Euphorbia rosescens growing in trail - flowering head, May 2025.jpg
Flowering structure

Despite its locally stable subpopulations with >90% year-to-year survival, the species is challenged by its low fecundity. Observed subpopulations appear to either be all female or a mix of male and andromonoecious individuals, with females being the predominant flowerers and fruit production being low. [4] Fire has been noted to simultaneously have negative long-term consequences for survival but short-term benefits to flowering rates. [4]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "Euphorbia rosescens (Rosy-pink Spurge)". NatureServe Explorer. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
  2. "Euphorbia rosescens". Florida PlantAtlas. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
  3. "Euphorbia rosescens E.L.Bridges & Orzell (scrub spurge)". USDA Plants Database. Retrieved 22 May 2025.
  4. 1 2 3 Smith, SA; Menges, ES (July 26, 2016). "Population Dynamics and Life History of Euphorbia rosescens, a Perennial Herb Endemic to Florida Scrub". PLOS ONE. 11 (7) e0160014. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1160014S. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160014 . PMC   4959700 . PMID   27454519.
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