2020 census

As of the 2020 census, Eagle Butte had a population of 1,258. The median age was 27.9 years. 38.2% of residents were under the age of 18 and 6.8% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 91.8 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 88.8 males age 18 and over. ^[11]

There were 386 households in Eagle Butte, of which 50.8% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 18.9% were married-couple households, 23.8% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 38.9% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 24.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 5.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. ^[11]

There were 456 housing units, of which 15.4% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 0.0% and the rental vacancy rate was 17.5%. ^[11]

0.0% of residents lived in urban areas, while 100.0% lived in rural areas. ^[12]

2010 census

As of the census ^[14] of 2010, there were 1,318 people, 384 households, and 279 families living in the city. The population density was 1,126.5 inhabitants per square mile (434.9/km²). There were 414 housing units at an average density of 353.8 units per square mile (136.6 units/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 6.8% White, 0.3% African American, 89.2% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 0.2% from other races, and 3.3% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.3% of the population.

There were 384 households, of which 59.6% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 19.3% were married couples living together, 44.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 8.9% had a male householder with no wife present, and 27.3% were non-families. 24.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.43 and the average family size was 3.90.

The median age in the city was 22.8 years. 41.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 12.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.5% were from 25 to 44; 16.1% were from 45 to 64; and 4.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.3% male and 52.7% female.

2000 census

As of the census ^[5] of 2000, there were 619 people, 227 households, and 140 families living in the city. The population density was 675.4 inhabitants per square mile (260.8/km²). There were 262 housing units at an average density of 285.9 units per square mile (110.4 units/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 18.26% White, 80.29% Native American, and 1.45% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.29% of the population.

There were 227 households, out of which 43.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 29.1% were married couples living together, 26.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 33.5% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.72 and the average family size was 3.49.

In the city, the population was spread out, with 38.8% under the age of 18, 12.8% from 18 to 24, 25.8% from 25 to 44, 14.1% from 45 to 64, and 8.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 24 years. For every 100 females, there were 93.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 77.1 males.

As of 2000 the median income for a household in the city was $18,611, and the median income for a family was $20,313. Males had a median income of $23,125 versus $24,167 for females. The per capita income for the city was $9,192. About 41.6% of families and 47.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 58.9% of those under age 18 and 21.6% of those age 65 or over.