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3C 275.1

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3C 275.1
3C 275.1 PanSTARRS i.r.g.jpg
The quasar 3C 275.1.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
Constellation Coma Berenices
Right ascension 12h 43m 57.6490s
Declination +16° 22′ 53.394″
Redshift 0.555225
Heliocentric radial velocity 166,452 km/s
Distance 5.260 Gly
Apparent magnitude  (V)19.00
Apparent magnitude  (B)19.23
Characteristics
Type Opt. var.
Notable featuresLarge emission nebula surrounding a quasar
Other designations
DA 330, PKS 1241+166, LEDA 2819359, QSO B1241+1639, 4C 16.34, NRAO 406, S3 1241+16

3C 275.1 is a quasar located in the constellation of Coma Berenices with a redshift of (z) 0.555. [1] It was first discovered in 1986 by astronomers, and is situated in the center of a rich galaxy cluster. [2] Its host is classified as a giant elliptical galaxy, described as either a proto-cD or Type-cD galaxy with an emission nebula surrounding it. [3] [4] [5]

Contents

Description

3C 275.1 is classified as a gamma-ray lobe-dominated quasar. [6] It has a radio structure consisting of an elongated core with a narrow jet heading in northwards direction based on a super-resolved radio imaging made by the Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA). [7] Radio mapping at 15 GHz with a 5-kilometer telescope shows 3C 275.1 to contain a double component showing one side as compact and the other being slightly extended. [8] A study also described the southern component of the quasar as distorted, indicating the quasar is strongly interacting with a companion galaxy. [9] [10]

Observations made in 1986 revealed the presence of a rotating gas cloud around 3C 275.1 with a diameter of more than 100 kiloparsecs (Kpc). Based on observations, it was found to be the largest known to surround a quasar and is likely remnants created by tidal interactions or material that is accumulated via cooling flows originating from the cluster. [11] A more detailed study published in 2024, showed the cloud to be a nebula, containing ionized gas tails that extends up to 170 kiloparsecs, typical of Jellyfish galaxies. [12] The nebula is described as having a conical shape with a bar-shaped extension that is located southwards from the nucleus [13] with an extended component having an X-ray emission of 7.6 x 1043 erg s−1. [14]

In the center of 3C 275.1, there is a supermassive black hole estimated to have a mass of about 200 million solar masses based on a black hole-spheroid mass ratio calculated for active galactic nuclei. [15] [12] The quasar itself is paired with the nearby galaxy NGC 4651, due to the radio emitter alignment at the rear of the latter's outer galactic disk. [16]

References

  1. ↑ Liu, Ronghui; Pooley, Guy (1990-07-01). "Radio polarization and the environment of 3C 275.1". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 245: 17P. Bibcode:1990MNRAS.245P..17L. ISSN   0035-8711.
  2. ↑ Krempec-Krygier, J.; Krygier, B.; Walentynowicz, G. (1998-06-01). "The group of galaxies around 3C 275.1". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 334: 427–438. Bibcode:1998A&A...334..427K. ISSN   0004-6361.
  3. ↑ Hintzen, Paul; Romanishin, W. (1986-12-01). "Direct Imaging of the Extremely Large Host Galaxy and Gas Cloud Surrounding the Quasar 3C 275.1". The Astrophysical Journal. 311: L1. Bibcode:1986ApJ...311L...1H. doi:10.1086/184787. ISSN   0004-637X.
  4. ↑ Hintzen, P.; Boeshaar, G. O.; Scott, J. S. (1981-05-01). "Detection of an apparent, distant cluster of galaxies associated with the radio-tail QSO 3C 275.1". The Astrophysical Journal. 246: L1 –L4. Bibcode:1981ApJ...246L...1H. doi:10.1086/183541. ISSN   0004-637X.
  5. ↑ Crawford, C. S.; Lehmann, I.; Fabian, A. C.; Bremer, M. N.; Hasinger, G. (1999-10-01). "Detection of X-ray emission from the host clusters of 3CR quasars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 308 (4): 1159–1172. arXiv: astro-ph/9904371 . Bibcode:1999MNRAS.308.1159C. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02804.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  6. ↑ Liao, Neng-Hui; Xin, Yu-Liang; Li, Shang; Jiang, Wei; Liang, Yun-Feng; Li, Xiang; Zhang, Peng-Fei; Chen, Liang; Bai, Jin-Ming; Fan, Yi-Zhong (2015-07-17). "DISCOVERY OFγ-RAY EMISSION FROM THE STRONGLY LOBE-DOMINATED QUASAR 3C 275.1". The Astrophysical Journal. 808 (1): 74. arXiv: 1501.00635 . doi:10.1088/0004-637x/808/1/74. ISSN   1538-4357.
  7. ↑ Hough, D. H.; Vermeulen, R. C.; Readhead, A. C. S.; Cross, L. L.; Barth, E. L.; Yu, L. H.; Beyer, P. J.; Phifer, E. M. (2002-03-01). "Parsec-Scale Radio Structure and Broad Optical Emission Lines in a Complete Sample of 3CR Lobe-dominated Quasars". The Astronomical Journal. 123 (3): 1258–1287. Bibcode:2002AJ....123.1258H. doi:10.1086/338847. ISSN   0004-6256.
  8. ↑ Riley, J. M.; Pooley, G. G. (1978-09-01). "15-GHz observations of the quasars 3C 270.1 and 3C 275.1". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 184 (4): 769–772. doi: 10.1093/mnras/184.4.769 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  9. ↑ Liu, R.; Pooley, G.; Riley, J. M. (1992-08-15). "Spectral ageing in a sample of 14 high-luminosity double radio sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 257 (4): 545–571. Bibcode:1992MNRAS.257..545L. doi: 10.1093/mnras/257.4.545 . ISSN   0035-8711.
  10. ↑ Rector, Travis A.; Stocke, John T.; Ellingson, Erica (1995-10-01). "Quasar Radio Morphology and Clustering Environment at z~1/2". The Astronomical Journal. 110: 1492. Bibcode:1995AJ....110.1492R. doi:10.1086/117622. ISSN   0004-6256.
  11. ↑ Hintzen, P.; Stocke, J. (1986-09-01). "Detection of a Rotating Gas Cloud 100 Kiloparsecs in Diameter Surrounding 3C 275.1, a Quasar at the Center of a Rich Cluster of Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 308: 540. Bibcode:1986ApJ...308..540H. doi:10.1086/164524. ISSN   0004-637X.
  12. 1 2 Zhao, Qinyuan; Wang, Junfeng; Li, Zhenzhen (2024-08-01). "Serendipitous Catch of a Giant Jellyfish: An Ionized Nebula around 3C 275.1 with 170 kpc Long Tails". The Astrophysical Journal. 971 (2): 134. arXiv: 2406.11433 . Bibcode:2024ApJ...971..134Z. doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad58d6 . ISSN   0004-637X.
  13. ↑ McCarthy, Patrick J.; Spinrad, Hyron; van Breugel, Wil (July 1995). "Emission-Line Imaging of 3CR Radio Galaxies. I. Imaging Data". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 99: 27. Bibcode:1996A&A...313..423H. doi:10.1086/192178. ISSN   0067-0049.
  14. ↑ Crawford, C. S.; Fabian, A. C. (March 2003). "Extended X-ray emission around four 3C quasars at 0.55 > z < 0.75 observed with Chandra". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 339 (4): 1163–1169. arXiv: astro-ph/0211232 . Bibcode:2003MNRAS.339.1163C. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06268.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  15. ↑ McLure, R. J.; Jarvis, M. J.; Targett, T. A.; Dunlop, J. S.; Best, P. N. (2006-05-01). "On the evolution of the black hole: spheroid mass ratio". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 368 (3): 1395–1403. arXiv: astro-ph/0510121 . Bibcode:2006MNRAS.368.1395M. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10228.x . ISSN   0035-8711.
  16. ↑ Schneider, Stephen E.; Corbelli, Edvige (1993-09-01). "Neutral Hydrogen Absorption and Emission in the Quasar/Galaxy Pair 3C 275.1/NGC 4651". The Astrophysical Journal. 414: 500. arXiv: astro-ph/9307008 . Bibcode:1993ApJ...414..500S. doi:10.1086/173097. ISSN   0004-637X.
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