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25th anniversary of Hamas

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Top-left: attendees of the anniversary.
Top-right: the rally in the Gaza Strip.
Bottom-left: Ismail Haniyeh delivering a speech.
Bottom-right: members of the Hamas Political Bureau.

The 25th anniversary of Hamas took place on 8 December 2012. The main rally was held in Gaza City, drawing 200,000-500,000 attendees, with smaller rallies held in the West Bank. Hamas leaders Ismail Haniyeh and Khaled Mashal gave speeches at the rally. Mashal, the ceremony's guest of honor, stated in his speech that Hamas would never recognize Israel and called for the establishment of an Islamic state in the region. The celebration was seen as a sign of reconciliation with rival Palestinian faction Fatah and was decried by Israeli politicians.

Contents

Background

Hamas formed in 1987, during the First Intifada, as an outgrowth of the Palestinian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood. [1] It has governed the Gaza Strip since June 2007, after it won a majority of seats in the Palestinian Legislative Council in the 2006 Palestinian elections and engaged in a series of conflicts with Fatah. [1] [2] The group had seen an increase in support following the Arab Spring and rise of the Muslim Brotherhood. [3] [4] [5] In November 2012, the Israel Defense Forces launched a military campaign against Hamas and other groups in the Gaza Strip, killing 170 Palestinians and 6 Israelis. [6] [2]

Israel, the United States, the European Union, and many western countries view Hamas as a terrorist organization. [6] [2]

Activities

Gaza Strip

The rally was rescheduled to be held a week earlier than originally planned to coincide with the anniversary of the first Intifada. [7] [8] The rally was broadcast on Palestine TV. [9] 200,000-500,000 people attended the rally, the largest turnout for an event since Hamas's founding. [10] Rallygoers included 2,500-3,000 members of delegations from Algeria, Bahrain, Egypt, Indonesia, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Mauritania, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Turkey. [7] [9] [10] Moussa Abu Marzouk, Izzat Al-Risheq, and leaders from Fatah also attended the rally. [7] [11] Saleh Al-Arouri, Ramadan Shalah, and Ziyad al-Nakhalah originally planned to attend but were blocked by Israel. [7] [1] The main rally was held in Al-Katiba square in Gaza City with rallygoers wearing green headbands and waving green flags. [3] [8] The backdrop of the main stage was a panoramic picture of Jerusalem, including the al-Aqsa mosque, a symbol of Hamas. [6] Portraits of Hamas founder Sheikh Ahmed Yassin and Hamas military commander assassinated in an Israeli strike Ahmed Jabari framed the stage [2] alongside a model of a M-75 rocket. [12] [4]

Speeches

The rally began with a speech from a man with his face covered by a keffiyeh, identified only as a senior leader of the Al-Qassam Brigades. [6] [8]

Prime minister Ismail Haniyeh delivered a speech at the rally stating that Hamas was working to liberate "all our occupied Palestinian territories" and that the group's "victory" in the November 2012 Gaza War was the beginning of the collapse of Israel. [9]

Hamas leader Khaled Mashal arrived in the Gaza Strip for the first time ever for the 25th anniversary of Hamas. Khaled Meshaal 01.jpg
Hamas leader Khaled Mashal arrived in the Gaza Strip for the first time ever for the 25th anniversary of Hamas.

Hamas leader in-exile Khaled Mashal made his first visit to the Gaza Strip for the rally as the guest of honor. [12] [13] In his speech, Mashal stated that Hamas would never recognize Israel and called for the establishment of an Islamic state in the region. [12] [3] He criticized Bashar al-Assad for his crackdown on the Syrian revolution and praised Egypt as "our backer". [6] He called the recognition of Palestine as a non-member observer state at the United Nations as a "small step but a good one". [12] He appealed for an end to the dispute between Hamas and Fatah. [9] He stated that Hamas would fight to free Palestinians in Israeli custody [6] and called for armed resistance as the "the right and real way to liberate Palestine". [9]

West Bank

Rallies were held in Nablus, Hebron, Ramallah, and Tulkarm drawing thousands of supporters. [14] [15] The permitting of rallies in the West Bank by Fatah was seen as a sign of reconciliation between the rival factions. [14] [16] The Palestinian Authority had banned Hamas from holding public events in the West Bank since 2007. [15] [17]

Reactions

Palestine

Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas announced on 9 December 2012 that reconciliation talks between Fatah and Hamas would resume in Cairo. [18] Azzam al-Ahmad praised Mashal's speech for calling for an end to the dispute between Fatah and Hamas. [9] Hamas allowed Fatah to hold celebrations of its 48th anniversary in the Gaza Strip in January 2026 in return for the Palestinian Authority allowing rallies by Hamas in the West Bank. [15]

Israel

Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu told the Cabinet that the rally "re-exposed [us] to our enemies' true face" and that "They have no intention of compromising with us; they want to destroy the state." [18] He criticized Abbas for not condemning Hamas. [18] [19] President Shimon Peres agreed with Netanyahu's views of Hamas but maintained that Abbas was a "peace partner". [19]

Netanyahu spokesman Mark Regev stated that the rally "should serve as a wake-up call to anyone who has illusions about the extremist and murderous character of Hamas" [9] and that Meshal's speech "says no to peace and no to reconciliation". [2] Kadima chairman Shaul Mofaz called for the killing of Mashal and all of Hamas's leadership. [9]

European Union

The European Union denounced statements by Mashal "that deny Israel's right to exist" as "unacceptable". It also condemned Israeli plans to construct settlements in the E1 area of Jerusalem. [20]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Exiled Hamas chief Meshaal to lead Gaza 'victory rally'". France 24. 7 December 2012. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 "Khaled Meshaal rallies Gazans on Hamas anniversary". BBC News. 7 December 2012. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2026.
  3. 1 2 3 Greenberg, Joel (8 December 2012). "Exiled Hamas chief at Gaza City rally marking 25th anniversary". The Seattle Times. The Associated Press. Archived from the original on 6 April 2026. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  4. 1 2 "Hamas leader sets his sights on 'liberating' Palestine". Channel 4 News. 8 December 2012. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  5. ↑ "Hamas marks 25th anniversary with anti-Israel speech". CBC. The Associated Press. 8 December 2012. Archived from the original on 18 April 2016. Retrieved 31 March 2026.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Issacharoff, Avi (8 December 2012). "Hundreds of Thousands Mark Hamas' 25th Anniversary in Gaza Rally". Haaretz. Archived from the original on 1 June 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "Hamas marks its 25th anniversary". Saudi Gazette. 9 December 2012. Archived from the original on 31 March 2026. Retrieved 15 December 2012.
  8. 1 2 3 Ayyoub, Abeer; Sherwood, Harriet (8 December 2012). "Tens of thousands celebrate Hamas 'victory' rally as exiled leader returns". The Guardian . Archived from the original on 10 December 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Abu Toameh, Khaled (19 January 2012). "Mashaal vows Hamas will not concede land". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  10. 1 2 Ralph, Talia (8 December 2012). "Hamas rallies in celebration of 25 year anniversary; vows not to recognize Israel (PHOTOS)". GlobalPost. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  11. ↑ "Palestinians gather to mark Hamas' 25th anniversary". Sri Lanka Guardian. 8 December 2012. Archived from the original on 17 July 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  12. 1 2 3 4 Greenberg, Joel (8 December 2012). "Hamas leader Khaled Meshal denounces Israel at anniversary rally in Gaza". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 9 December 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  13. ↑ Reeves, Philip (8 December 2012). "Young Gazans Brave Fear To Welcome Hamas Leader". Weekend Edition. NPR. Archived from the original on 8 December 2012. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  14. 1 2 Sherwood, Harriet (13 December 2012). "Hamas rallies in Fatah-dominated West Bank suggest growing Palestinian unity". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 September 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  15. 1 2 3 Abukhater, Maher (14 December 2012). "Hamas celebrates its 25th anniversary in West Bank". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 15 September 2024. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  16. ↑ "Hamas holds rare West Bank rally". Al Jazeera. 14 December 2012. Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  17. ↑ "Thousands celebrate 25 years of Hamas in the West Bank". AsiaNews. 14 December 2012. Archived from the original on 23 June 2022. Retrieved 6 April 2026.
  18. 1 2 3 Lazaroff, Tovah; Abu Toameh, Khaled (10 December 2012). "Fatah-Hamas reconciliation talks to be held in Cairo". The Jerusalem Post. Archived from the original on 31 March 2026. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  19. 1 2 Gedalyahu, Tzvi Ben (9 December 2012). "Bibi: Why Doesn't Abbas Condemn Hamas' Threat to Destroy Us?". Israel National News. Archived from the original on 1 December 2022. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
  20. ↑ "EU condemns Hamas rhetoric, Israeli settlement plans". The Jerusalem Post. Reuters. 10 December 2012. Archived from the original on 11 December 2012. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
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