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2026 in arthropod paleontology

Last updated

This list records new taxa of fossil arthropods that were announced or described in 2026 (for insects, see 2026 in paleoentomology). Other peer-reviewed publications on discoveries related to arthropod paleontology which occurred in that year are also detailed here.

Contents

Chelicerates

Arachnids

Araneae

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Rovnopholcomma [1]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Eskov et al.

Eocene

Rovno amber

Flag of Ukraine.svg Ukraine

A spider belonging to the family Theridiidae. Genus includes new species R. wunderlichi.

Opiliones

  • A harvestman with pedipalp morphology distinct from those of other fossil and extant members of the group is described from the Eocene Baltic amber by Gerbe et al. (2026). [2]

Scorpiones

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Chaerilobuthus muelleri [3]

Sp. nov

Valid

Lourenço in Lourenço & Velten

Cretaceous

Kachin amber

Flag of Myanmar.svg Myanmar

A scorpion belonging to the family Chaerilobuthidae.

Xiphosurans

Xiphosuran research

  • Fossils of large-bodied horseshoe crabs, associated with trace fossils assigned to the new ichnospecies Selenichnites sursumdeorsum , are described from the Ordovician (Darriwilian) Saq Formation (Saudi Arabia) by Bicknell et al. (2026), who interpret the presence of the studied specimens in a nearshore environment and their preservation in storm-deposited layers as possible evidence of similarity of spawning behaviors of Ordovician and modern horseshoe crabs. [4]
  • Trace fossil evidence of predation of horseshoe crabs on polychaetes is reported from the Lower Triassic Daye Formation (China) by Feng et al. (2026). [5]

Crustaceans

Malacostracans

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Bittnerilia lucentumensis [6]

Sp. nov

Valid

Artal, Onetti & Àlex

Eocene

Flag of Spain.svg Spain

A crab belonging to the family Calappidae.

Latheticocarcinus sergeevi [7]

Sp. nov

Valid

Mychko & Schweitzer

Paleocene (Thanetian)

Saratov Formation

Flag of Russia.svg Russia
(Flag of Saratov Oblast.svg Saratov Oblast)

A crab belonging to the family Homolidae.

Lucentiplax [8]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ferratges

Eocene

Flag of Spain.svg Spain

A crab belonginng to the family Euryplacidae. Genus includes new species L. bravoi.

Volgacarcinus [7]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Mychko & Schweitzer

Paleocene (Thanetian)

Saratov Formation

Flag of Russia.svg Russia
(Flag of Saratov Oblast.svg Saratov Oblast)

A crab belonging to the family Necrocarcinidae. The type species is V. longispinus.

Malacostracan research

  • Evidence of sexual dimorphism in the length and shape of the carapace of Soomicaris ordosensis is presented by Liu et al. (2026). [9]
  • Revision of pygocephalomorphs belonging to the genus Pygocephalus from the Carboniferous strata from Nova Scotia (Canada) is published by Laville, Andréo & Atkins (2026). [10]
  • Burrow casts interpreted as the first evidence of crayfish activity in the main Karoo Basin are reported from the Middle Triassic Burgersdorp Formation (South Africa) by Wolvaardt et al. (2026). [11]
  • Bicknell et al. (2026) study the exoskeletal elemental composition of Bombur complicatus , Caryocaris curvilata , Mecochirus sp., Sculda syriaca and Tealliocaris woodwardi , reporting evidence of higher levels of phosphorus in the studied taxa compared with modern crustaceans, either resulting from diagenetic phosphatization of fossil crustaceans or reflecting genuine composition of their original exoskeletons. [12]
  • A study on changes of diversity of decapod crustaceans throughout their evolutionary history, as indicated by their fossil record, is published by Schweitzer, De Grave & Hyžný (2026). [13]

Ostracods

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Brasacypris mourae [14]

Sp. nov

Almeida-Lima et al.

Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil

Cypridea superposita [14]

Sp. nov

Almeida-Lima et al.

Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil

Cypridea trapezoidalis [14]

Sp. nov

Almeida-Lima et al.

Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil

Jhurancythere [15]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Kumari & Mahalakshmi in Kumari, Mahalakshmi & Muduli

Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian)

Jhuran Formation

Flag of India.svg India

A member of the family Cytherideidae. Genus includes new species J. austerata. Published online in 2026, but the issue date is listed as December 2025.

Rhinocypris spinacurtis [14]

Sp. nov

Almeida-Lima et al.

Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil

Theriosynoecum compressum [14]

Sp. nov

Almeida-Lima et al.

Flag of Brazil.svg Brazil

Ostracod research

  • Golfinopoulos et al. (2026) report the first discovery of ostracods from the Lower Jurassic strata exposed in Greece. [16]
  • Evidence of impact of environmental changes in the Lake Pannon area on diversification of members of the genus Cyprideis during the middle and late Miocene is presented by Pipík, Gross & Starek (2026). [17]

Thecostracans

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Striatobalanus makiyamai [18]

Sp. nov

Valid

Karasawa & Kobayashi

Pleistocene

Dainichi Formation

Flag of Japan.svg Japan

A barnacle belonging to the family Balanidae.

Tubicinella nodai [18]

Sp. nov

Valid

Karasawa & Kobayashi

Pleistocene

Shinzato Formation

Flag of Japan.svg Japan

A whale barnacle.

Other crustaceans

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Magnitocyclus trearnensis [19]

Sp. nov

Clark, Hoare & Privitera Murdoch

Carboniferous (Viséan)

Hurlet Limestone

Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom

A member of Cyclida.

Weichangiops squamosus [20]

Sp. nov

in press

Wang, Ren & Zhao

Early Cretaceous

Yixian Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China

A notostracan.
Announced in late 2025
Officially published in February 2026

Other crustacean research

  • Wang et al provide an detailed description update for Weichangiops trangularis Yang & Hong, 1980 based on new fossil materials. The new fossils allow for the discussion of early Notostraca evolutionary processes. [20]

Insects

Trilobites

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Pseudokotuia [21]

Gen. et sp. nov

Valid

Ren et al.

Cambrian (Paibian)

Chaumitien Formation

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China

A member of the family Anomocaridae. Genus includes new species P. quadrata. The final version of the article naming it was published online in 2026, but the issue date is listed as December 2025.

Trilobite research

Other arthropods

NameNoveltyStatusAuthorsAgeType localityCountryNotesImages

Tuzoia isuelaensis [27]

Sp. nov

In press

Izquierdo-López et al.

Cambrian
Cambrian Stage 4 - Drumian

Flag of Spain.svg Spain

A non-trilobite arthropod.
Announced in late 2025
Officially published in February 2026

Tuzoia wudangshanensis [28]

Sp. nov

Sun, Zeng & Zhao

Cambrian

Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China

General research

References

  1. ↑ Eskov, K. Y.; Vorontsov, D. D.; Marusik, Y. M.; Perkovsky, E. E. (2026). "First pholcommatine cobweb spider from Eocene Rovno amber, with a delimitation of the subfamily Pholcommatinae (Araneae: Theridiidae)". Palaeoentomology. 9 (1): 45–55. doi:10.11646/palaeoentomology.9.1.6.
  2. ↑ Gerbe, A.; Bartel, C.; Haug, C.; Arce, S. I.; Dunlop, J.; Haug, J. T. (2026). "An unusual harvestman from Eocene Baltic amber presenting a previously unknown morphology of the pedipalps". Fossil Record. 29 (1): 1–9. doi: 10.3897/fr.29.174226 .
  3. ↑ Lourenço, W. R.; Velten, J. (2026). "New considerations about the outstanding variability of the genus Chaerilobuthus Lourenco & Beigel, 2011 (Scorpiones: Chaerilobuthidae) and the description of one more new species from Early Cretaceous Burmite". Faunitaxys. 14 (11): 1–6. doi:10.57800/faunitaxys-14(11).
  4. ↑ Bicknell, R. D. C.; Kimmig, J.; Cuomo, C.; Goodman, A.; Edgecombe, G. D.; Issautier, B.; Freedman, J. (2026). "Ordovician horseshoe crab body and trace fossil association preserved in a unique taphonomic setting". Gondwana Research. doi: 10.1016/j.gr.2025.11.011 .
  5. ↑ Feng, X.; Chen, Z.-Q.; Benton, M. J.; Bottjer, D. J.; Cribb, A. T.; Su, L.; Zhao, L.; Jiang, Y.; Zhao, H.; Yan, P.; Huang, Y. (2026). "Predator-prey interactions in the Early Triassic ocean". GSA Bulletin. doi:10.1130/B38121.1.
  6. ↑ Artal, P.; Onetti, A.; Àlex, O. (2026). "A new calappid crab (Crustacea: Decapoda) from the Lutetian (middle Eocene) of Alicante (Spain)". Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum. 53 (1): 1–7. doi:10.50897/bmfm.53.1_1.
  7. 1 2 Mychko, E. V.; Schweitzer, C. E. (2026). "Discovery of decapods from the Paleocene of Russia (Saratov Oblast) with review of all known Paleocene decapods". Palaeontologia Electronica. 29 (1) 29.1.a9. doi: 10.26879/1585 .
  8. ↑ Ferratges, F. A. (2026). "Paleobiogeographic implications of a new goneplacoid crab (Goneplacoidea, Euryplacidae) from the middle Eocene of Spain". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. doi:10.1080/08912963.2026.2621121.
  9. ↑ Liu, Y.; Hegna, T. A.; Liu, Y.; Fan, R.; Zong, R.; Gong, Y. (2026). "Sexual dimorphism in a Late Ordovician caryocaridid (Malacostraca, Phyllocarida) identified by carapace geometric morphometrics". Paleobiology: 1–11. doi: 10.1017/pab.2026.10092 .
  10. ↑ Laville, T.; Andréo, A.; Atkins, J. B. (2026). "Pygocephalid pancrustaceans from the late Carboniferous of Nova Scotia, Canada, with comments on the cuticular microstructures of Pygocephalamorpha". Atlantic Geoscience. 62: 1–20.
  11. ↑ Wolvaardt, F. P.; Smith, R. M. H.; Hancox, P. J.; Browning, C.; Strong, M. (2026). "Palaeoenvironmental significance of vertebrate and invertebrate burrow casts in the Middle Triassic Burgersdorp Formation of the main Karoo Basin". Journal of African Earth Sciences 106048. doi:10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2026.106048.
  12. ↑ Bicknell, R. D. C.; Smith, P. M.; Klompmaker, A. A.; Hegna, T. (2026). "Surveying the elemental composition of fossil malacostracan crustacean cuticle". American Museum Novitates. 4046: 1–36. hdl:2246/7530.
  13. ↑ Schweitzer, C. E.; De Grave, S.; Hyžný, M. (2026). "Benchmarking the global biodiversity of decapod crustaceans in the fossil record". Journal of Crustacean Biology. 46 (1) ruag007. doi: 10.1093/jcbiol/ruag007 .
  14. 1 2 3 4 5 de Almeida-Lima, D. S.; Piovesan, E. K.; Mendes Britto, D. M.; Sousa, A. S. (2026). "Taxonomy of Ostracods from the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous Gondwanan Rift Basins of Northeastern Brazil". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. doi:10.1080/08912963.2025.2585358.
  15. ↑ Kumari, M.; Mahalakshmi, T.; Muduli, G. P. (2026). "A New Ostrocoda Genus Jhurancythere from the Kimmeridgian Beds of Jhuran Formation, Kachchh Basin, Gujarat, India". Paleontological Journal. 59 (7): 738–744. doi:10.1134/S0031030125600283.
  16. ↑ Golfinopoulos, V.; Papadopoulou, P.; Zelilidis, A.; Iliopoulos, G. (2026). "Paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Lower Jurassic formations in the Ionian Basin: First record of benthic foraminifera and ostracods assemblages from Greece". Revue de Micropaléontologie. 90 100906. doi:10.1016/j.revmic.2026.100906.
  17. ↑ Pipík, R.; Gross, M.; Starek, D. (2026). "Morphometric divergence in Cyprideis (Ostracoda) during the Middle and Late Miocene of the Central Paratethys realm". Journal of Micropalaeontology. 45 (1): 33–50. doi: 10.5194/jm-45-33-2026 .
  18. 1 2 Karasawa, H.; Kobayashi, N. (2026). "Some new records for cirripedes from the Pliocene–Pleistocene of Southwest Japan, with two new species of Balanomorpha". Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum. 53 (1): 9–21. doi:10.50897/bmfm.53.1_9.
  19. ↑ Clark, N. D. L.; Hoare, G.; Privitera Murdoch, M. (2026). "A new occurrence of Britanniclus (Pancrustacea, Multicrustacea) from Blairskaith Quarry, East Dunbartonshire, and a redescription of Cyclidae from Trearne, North Ayrshire, from the Lower Limestone Formation (Brigantian, Visean, Carboniferous) of Scotland". Scottish Journal of Geology. doi: 10.1144/sjg2025-016 .
  20. 1 2 Wang, W.; Ren, D.; Zhao, Z. (2025). "New fossil notostracans (Branchiopoda, Notostraca) from the Lower Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia, China". Cretaceous Research. 178 106216. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2025.106216.
  21. ↑ Ren, G.; Yuan, J.; Gao, J.; Wang, Y. (2026). "A New Genus Pseudokotuia (Trilobita: Anomocaridae) from the Chaumitien Formation (Cambrian Paibian Stage), Central Shandong, North China". Paleontological Journal. 59 (10): 1411–1416. Bibcode:2025PalJ..tmp....1G. doi:10.1134/S0031030124601695.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: bibcode (link)
  22. ↑ Tortello, F.; Hodgin, E. B.; Rábano, I.; Gutiérrez-Marco, J. C. (2026). "Late Cambrian and Early Ordovician trilobites from the Peruvian Altiplano and their significance to the Central Andean region of South America". Journal of Paleontology: 1–17. doi: 10.1017/jpa.2025.10205 .
  23. ↑ Beech, J.; Hebdon, N.; Dorgan, K.; Soni, P.; Duncan, J. L.; Bottjer, D. J. (2026). "Organism–sediment interactions and the evolution of a unique trilobite morphology". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 293 (2063) 20252073. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2025.2073 . PMID   41592771.
  24. ↑ Vargas-Parra, E. E.; Hopkins, M. J. (2026). "Modular reorganization of the trilobite Lonchodomas chaziensis demonstrates mosaic patterns of phenotypic change underlie metamorphosis". Evolution qpag018. doi: 10.1093/evolut/qpag018 . PMID   41614959.
  25. ↑ Mahata, A.; Pates, S. (2026). "Revisiting abnormalities of trilobite Paradoxides davidis from Manuels River, Canada, alongside additional abnormal specimens from Porth-y-rhaw, Wales". Royal Society Open Science. 13 (2) 251904. doi: 10.1098/rsos.251904 .
  26. ↑ Bicknell, R. D. C.; Utrup, J.; Cuomo, C.; Smith, P. M. (2026). "An atlas of malformed trilobites from North American repositories. Part 4. The Yale Peabody Museum". American Museum Novitates. 4047: 1–15. hdl:2246/7531.
  27. ↑ Izquierdo-López, A.; Liñán, E.; Gámez Vintaned, J. A.; Gozalo, R. (2025). "Cambrian (Stage 4–Drumian) non-trilobite arthropods from the Murero biota (Spain)". Journal of the Geological Society. 183 (1) jgs2025-095. doi:10.1144/jgs2025-095.
  28. ↑ Sun, Z.; Zeng, H.; Zhao, F. (2026). "Middle Cambrian large bivalved arthropods from Shandong, North China and their paleogeographic implications". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 113594. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2026.113594.
  29. ↑ Lustri, L.; Laibl, L.; Collantes, L.; Bruthansová, J.; Nohejlová, M.; Liu, Y.; Pates, S. (2026). "A morphometric approach to the taxonomic dilemma of Zonozoe drabowiensis Barrande, 1872 and Zonoscutum solum Chlupáč, 1999 (Upper Ordovician, Czech Republic)". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 145: 145–155. doi: 10.3897/sjp.145.179154 .
  30. ↑ Yang, Y.; Vannier, J.; Lhéritier, M.; Ou, Q. (2026). "Rethinking artiopod evolution: insights from the anatomy of Acanthomeridion from the early Cambrian of China". Royal Society Open Science. 13 (2) 250956. doi: 10.1098/rsos.250956 .
  31. ↑ Mai, H.; Chen, H.; Chen, A.; Guo, J.; Hou, X.; Liu, Y. (2026). "Pisinnocaris subconigera—a valid species of early Cambrian fuxianhuiid". PeerJ. 14 e20483. doi: 10.7717/peerj.20483 .
  32. ↑ Lakeram, S. R.; Donovan, M.; Labandeira, C. C.; Elrick, S. D.; Punyasena, S. W. (2026). "Coprolite-filled borings: insight into the life history of detritivorous Pennsylvanian terrestrial arthropods". Journal of Paleontology: 1–15. doi: 10.1017/jpa.2025.10201 .
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