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1991 Aragonese regional election

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1991 Aragonese regional election
Flag of Aragon.svg
  1987
26 May 1991
1995  

All 67 seats in the Cortes of Aragon
34 seats needed for a majority
Opinion polls
Registered959,596 Increase2.svg 3.3%
Turnout617,848 (64.4%)
Decrease2.svg 5.3 pp
 First partySecond partyThird party
  Portrait placeholder.svg Hipolito Gomez de las Roces (cropped).jpg Portrait placeholder.svg
Leader José Marco Hipólito Gómez de las Roces José Ignacio Senao
Party PSOE PAR PP
Leader since1991December 19771990
Leader's seat Zaragoza Zaragoza Zaragoza
Last election27 seats, 35.7%19 seats, 28.1%13 seats, 16.7% [a]
Seats won301717
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 3Decrease2.svg 2Increase2.svg 4
Popular vote247,485151,420126,892
Percentage40.3%24.7%20.7%
SwingIncrease2.svg 4.6 pp Decrease2.svg 3.4 pp Increase2.svg 4.0 pp

 Fourth partyFifth party
  Portrait placeholder.svg Portrait placeholder.svg
Leader Adolfo Burriel José Luis Merino
Party CAA–IU CDS
Leader since19891983
Leader's seat Zaragoza Zaragoza (lost)
Last election2 seats, 4.9%6 seats, 10.2%
Seats won30
Seat changeIncrease2.svg 1Decrease2.svg 6
Popular vote41,36718,929
Percentage6.7%3.1%
SwingIncrease2.svg 1.8 pp Decrease2.svg 7.1 pp

AragonProvinceMapCortes1991.png
Constituency results map for the Cortes of Aragon

President before election

Hipólito Gómez de las Roces
PAR

Elected President

Emilio Eiroa
PAR

A regional election was held in Aragon on 26 May 1991 to elect the 3rd Cortes of the autonomous community. All 67 seats in the Cortes were up for election. It was held concurrently with regional elections in twelve other autonomous communities and local elections all across Spain.

Contents

The main loser in the election was the Democratic and Social Centre (CDS), which lost all of its 6 seats. The Aragonese Party (PAR) also lost two seats. The main gainers were the main two national parties, the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) and the newly created People's Party (PP). United Left also gained 1 seat.

The new legislature elected Emilio Eiroa of the PAR as the new President of Aragon by 34 votes to 33, after Hipólito Gómez de las Roces' refusal to reach a new agreement with the PP. [1] All PAR and PP deputies supported Eiroa's election while the PSOE and IU deputies voted against. The tight arithmetic in the new legislature was further complicated in November 1992 when a PP deputy, Emilio Gomáriz, resigned from the PP, leaving him holding the balance of power between the PP-PAR bloc and the PSOE-IU bloc. In September 1993 the PSOE introduced a no-confidence motion against President Eiroa. In the subsequent vote Gomáriz appeared visibly nervous and claimed that he had received death threats against his children. He voted with the PSOE and IU deputies for Socialist José Marco as new President.

Overview

Under the 1982 Statute of Autonomy, the Cortes of Aragon were the unicameral legislature of the homonymous autonomous community, having legislative power in devolved matters, as well as the ability to grant or withdraw confidence from a regional president. [2] The electoral and procedural rules were supplemented by national law provisions. [3]

Date

The term of the Cortes of Aragon expired four years after the date of its previous ordinary election, with amendments earlier in 1991 fixing election day for the fourth Sunday of May every four years. The election decree was required to be issued between 54 and 60 days before the scheduled election date and published on the following day in the Official Gazette of Aragon (BOA). [4] The previous election was held on 10 June 1987, setting the date for election day on the fourth Sunday of May four years later, which was 26 May 1991.

The Cortes of Aragon could not be dissolved before the expiration date of parliament, except in the event of an investiture process failing to elect a regional president within a two-month period from the Cortes's reconvening. In such a case, the chamber was to be automatically dissolved and a snap election called, with elected lawmakers serving the remainder of its original four-year term. [5]

The election to the Cortes of Aragon was officially called on 2 April 1991 with the publication of the corresponding decree in the BOA, setting election day for 26 May. [6]

Electoral system

Voting for the Cortes was based on universal suffrage, comprising all Spanish nationals over 18 years of age, registered in Aragon and with full political rights, provided that they had not been deprived of the right to vote by a final sentence, nor being legally incapacitated. [7]

The Cortes of Aragon had a minimum of 60 and a maximum of 75 seats, with the electoral law fixing its size at 67. All were elected in three multi-member constituencies—corresponding to the provinces of Huesca, Teruel and Zaragoza, each of which was assigned an initial minimum of 13 seats and the remaining 28 distributed in proportion to population (with the seat-to-population ratio in the most populated province not exceeding 2.75 times that of the least populated one)—using the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional voting, with a three percent-threshold of valid votes (including blank ballots) in each constituency. [8] The use of this electoral method resulted in a higher effective threshold depending on district magnitude and vote distribution. [9]

As a result of the aforementioned allocation, each Cortes constituency was entitled the following seats: [10]

SeatsConstituencies
33 Zaragoza
18 Huesca
16 Teruel

The law did not provide for by-elections to fill vacant seats; instead, any vacancies arising after the proclamation of candidates and during the legislative term were filled by the next candidates on the party lists or, when required, by designated substitutes. [11]

Parties and candidates

The electoral law allowed for parties and federations registered in the interior ministry, alliances and groupings of electors to present lists of candidates. Parties and federations intending to form an alliance were required to inform the relevant electoral commission within 10 days of the election call, whereas groupings of electors needed to secure the signature of at least one percent of the electorate in the constituencies for which they sought election, disallowing electors from signing for more than one list. [12]

Below is a list of the main parties and alliances which contested the election:

CandidacyParties and
alliances
Leading candidateIdeologyPrevious resultGov.Ref.
Vote %Seats
PSOE Portrait placeholder.svg José Marco Social democracy 35.7%27Dark red x.svg
PAR
List
Hipolito Gomez de las Roces (cropped).jpg Hipólito Gómez de las Roces Regionalism
Centrism
28.1%19Check-green.svg
PP
List
Portrait placeholder.svg José Ignacio Senao Conservatism
Christian democracy

16.72%
[a]
13Check-green.svg [13]
[14]
[15]
CDS Portrait placeholder.svg José Luis Merino Centrism
Liberalism
10.2%6Dark red x.svg
CAA–IU Portrait placeholder.svg Adolfo Burriel Socialism
Communism
4.9%2Dark red x.svg

Opinion polls

The tables below list opinion polling results in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first and using the dates when the survey fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication. Where the fieldwork dates are unknown, the date of publication is given instead. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed with its background shaded in the leading party's colour. If a tie ensues, this is applied to the figures with the highest percentages. The "Lead" column on the right shows the percentage-point difference between the parties with the highest percentages in a poll.

Voting intention estimates

The table below lists weighted voting intention estimates. Refusals are generally excluded from the party vote percentages, while question wording and the treatment of "don't know" responses and those not intending to vote may vary between polling organisations. When available, seat projections determined by the polling organisations are displayed below (or in place of) the percentages in a smaller font; 34 seats were required for an absolute majority in the Cortes of Aragon.

Voting preferences

The table below lists raw, unweighted voting preferences.

Victory preferences

The table below lists opinion polling on the victory preferences for each party in the event of a regional election taking place.

Results

Overall

Summary of the 26 May 1991 Cortes of Aragon election results
AragonCortesDiagram1991.svg
Parties and alliancesPopular voteSeats
Votes%±pp Total+/−
Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE)247,48540.34+4.6630+3
Aragonese Party (PAR)151,42024.68−3.4617−2
People's Party (PP)1126,89220.68+3.9617+4
Aragon Alternative Convergence–United Left (CAA–IU)41,3676.74+1.843+1
Democratic and Social Centre (CDS)18,9293.09−7.140−6
Aragonese Union (CHA)14,1162.30+1.340±0
Workers' Socialist Party (PST)2,4410.40New0±0
Independent Aragonese Party (PAI)1,8820.31New0±0
Social Aragonese Movement (MAS)1,0320.17New0±0
Blank ballots7,9811.30−0.14
Total613,54567±0
Valid votes613,54599.30+0.50
Invalid votes4,3030.70−0.50
Votes cast / turnout617,84864.39−5.31
Abstentions341,74835.61+5.31
Registered voters959,596
Sources [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]
Footnotes:
Popular vote
PSOE
40.34%
PAR
24.68%
PP
20.68%
CAA–IU
6.74%
CDS
3.09%
CHA
2.30%
Others
0.87%
Blank ballots
1.30%
Seats
PSOE
44.78%
PAR
25.37%
PP
25.37%
CAA–IU
4.48%

Distribution by constituency

Constituency PSOE PAR PP CAA–IU
%S%S%S%S
Huesca 39.4825.3520.346.61
Teruel 37.9719.7331.363.0
Zaragoza 41.11525.5918.777.52
Total40.33024.71720.7176.73
Sources [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]

Aftermath

Government formation

Investiture
Nomination of Emilio Eiroa (PAR)
Ballot →10 July 1991
Required majority →34 out of 67 Yes check.svg
Yes
  • PAR (17)
  • PP (17)
34 / 67
No
33 / 67
Abstentions
0 / 67
Absentees
0 / 67
Sources [16]

1993 motion of no confidence

Motion of no confidence
Nomination of José Marco (PSOE)
Ballot →15 September 1993
Required majority →34 out of 67 Yes check.svg
Yes
34 / 67
No
  • PAR (17)
  • PP (16)
33 / 67
Abstentions
0 / 67
Absentees
0 / 67
Sources [16] [21]

1994 motion of no confidence

Motion of no confidence
Nomination of Emilio Eiroa (PAR)
Ballot →21 December 1994
Required majority →34 out of 67 X mark.svg
Yes
  • PAR (16)
  • PP (16)
32 / 67
No
30 / 67
Abstentions
4 / 67
Absentees
1 / 67
Sources [16] [22]

Failed 1995 investiture

Investiture
Nomination of Ángela Abós (PSOE)
Ballot →30 January 199531 January 1995
Required majority →34 out of 67 X mark.svgSimple X mark.svg
Yes
31 / 67
31 / 67
No
  • PAR (17)
  • PP (16)
33 / 67
33 / 67
Abstentions
3 / 67
3 / 67
Absentees
0 / 67
0 / 67
Sources [16] [23]

Notes

  1. 1 2 Results for AP (15.5%, 13 seats) and PDP (1.2%, 0 seats) in the 1987 election.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Within PP.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Does not include non-resident citizens.

References

Opinion poll sources

  1. 1 2 3 "PAR y PP están al borde de la mayoría absoluta en Zaragoza, Huesca y Teruel". ABC (in Spanish). 21 May 1991.
  2. 1 2 3 "Seis comunidades dependen de pactos". ABC (in Spanish). 20 May 1991.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "Las elecciones de 26-5-91". CEPC (in Spanish). August 1991.
  4. Ortega, Javier (19 May 1991). "La subida del Par llega a Zaragoza". El País (in Spanish).
  5. "Ficha técnica". El País (in Spanish). 19 May 1991.
  6. 1 2 "Preelectoral municipales y autonómicas de Aragón 1991 (III) (Estudio nº 1943. Marzo 1991)". CIS (in Spanish). 25 March 1991.
  7. "Preelectoral municipales y autonómicas de Aragón 1991 (II) (Estudio nº 1917. Febrero 1991)". CIS (in Spanish). 18 February 1991.
  8. "Estudio CIS nº 1917. Ficha técnica". CIS (in Spanish). 18 February 1991.
  9. "Barómetro de la comunidad autónoma de Aragón (VI) (Estudio nº 1772. Noviembre 1988)". CIS (in Spanish). 27 November 1988.
  10. "Estudio CIS nº 1772. Ficha técnica". CIS (in Spanish). 27 November 1988.

Other

  1. Ortega, Javier (26 June 1991). "Hipólito Gómez de las Roces renuncia a la reelección como presidente de Aragón". El País (in Spanish). Zaragoza. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  2. Statute (1982) , arts. 12 & 15–17.
  3. LEAr (1987) , final prov. 1.
  4. Statute (1982) , art. 18; LEAr (1987) , art. 11 (suppl. by LOREG (1985) , art. 42).
  5. Statute (1982) , art. 22.
  6. Decree of 1 April (1991) , arts. 1 & 4.
  7. Statute (1982) , art. 18; LEAr (1987) , art. 2 (suppl. by LOREG (1985) , arts. 2–3).
  8. Statute (1982) , arts. 18–19; LEAr (1987) , arts. 12–14.
  9. Gallagher, Michael (30 July 2012). "Effective threshold in electoral systems". Dublin: Trinity College Dublin. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 22 July 2017.
  10. Decree of 1 April (1991) , art. 2.
  11. LEAr (1987) , art. 15 (suppl. by LOREG (1985) , arts. 46 & 48).
  12. LEAr (1987) , arts. 18–19 (suppl. by LOREG (1985) , art. 44).
  13. Díez, Anabel (16 January 1989). "El Partido Liberal se disolverá para integrarse en el proyecto de Fraga". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 2 January 2026.
  14. "Fraga se empleó a fondo para lograr que el congreso de AP cambie el nombre del partido". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. 21 January 1989. Retrieved 2 January 2026.
  15. "La DC aprobó ayer formalmente su integración en el Partido Popular". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. 29 January 1989. Retrieved 2 January 2026.
  16. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Lozano, Carles. "Elecciones a las Cortes de Aragón (desde 1983)". Historia Electoral.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 December 2023.
  17. 1 2 "Elecciones a Cortes de Aragón. Resultados del año 1991 en Aragón" (in Spanish). Cortes of Aragon . Retrieved 23 November 2025.
  18. 1 2 "Archivo Electoral de Aragón. Cortes de Aragón 1991. Resultados. Aragón" (in Spanish). Government of Aragon . Retrieved 23 November 2025.
  19. 1 2 "Resumen de los resultados de las elecciones a Cortes de Aragón convocadas por Decreto de 1 de abril de 1991, de la Presidencia de la Diputación General de Aragón, y celebradas el día 26 de mayo de 1991, según los datos que figuran en las actas de proclamación remitidas por las Juntas Electorales Provinciales de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón". Official Gazette of Aragon (in Spanish) (80): 2174–2175. 1 July 1991. ISSN   9941-3256 . Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  20. 1 2 "Nº 156. Informe-declaración de las elecciones a las Cortes de Aragón de 26 de mayo de 1991" (PDF). Court of Auditors (in Spanish). Retrieved 25 January 2026.
  21. "El voto de un tránsfuga del PP da al PSOE el Gobierno de Aragón". El País (in Spanish). 16 September 1993. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  22. Torrontegui, Javier (22 December 1994). "Marco supera la censura pero abre la puerta de la sucesión". El País (in Spanish). Zaragoza. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  23. Torrontegui, Javier (1 February 1995). "Las Cortes de Aragón rechazan la candidatura de Abós a la presidencia". El País (in Spanish). Zaragoza. Retrieved 24 November 2025.

Bibliography

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