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1897 in Brazil

Last updated September 28, 2025

Incumbents

Federal government

President : Prudente de Morais
Vice-President : Manuel Vitorino

Governors

Alagoas: Jose Vieira Peixoto (until June 12), Manuel Jose Duarte (starting June 12)
Amazonas: Fileto Pires Ferreira
Bahia: Luís Viana
Ceará: Antônio Nogueira Accioli
Goiás: Francisco Leopoldo Rodrigues Jardim
Maranhão:
- until March 26: Casimiro Vieira Jr
- from March 26: Alfredo Martins
Mato Grosso: Manuel José Murtinho
Minas Gerais: Bias Fortes
Pará:
- until February 1: Lauro Sodré
- from February 1: Pais de Carvalho
Paraíba: Antônio Alfredo Mello
Paraná: Santos Andrade
Pernambuco: Joaquim Correia de Araújo
Piauí: Raimundo Artur de Vasconcelos
Rio Grande do Norte: Joaquim Ferreira Chaves
Rio Grande do Sul: Júlio de Castilhos
Santa Catarina: Hercílio Luz
São Paulo:
Sergipe:

Vice governors

Events

6 January – An expeditionary force, consisting of 557 soldiers and officers under the command of Major Febrônio de Brito, who attacks the well-defended village of Canudos. The troops are eventually forced to retreat when confronted with more than 4,000 insurrectionists.^[1]
7 August – Euclides da Cunha goes to the Sertão ("backland"), as war correspondent for O Estado de S. Paulo .
2 October – the War of Canudos comes to a brutal end, when a large Brazilian army force overruns the village and kills nearly all the inhabitants.^[2]
12 October – The city of Belo Horizonte is created and its construction is completely successfully.

Births

6 February – Alberto Cavalcanti, film director and producer (died 1982)
30 April – Humberto Mauro, film director (died 1983)^[3]
7 June – Lampião, bandit^[4] (died 1938)
20 September – Humberto de Alencar Castelo Branco, politician (died 1967)
4 November – Oscar Lorenzo Fernández, composer (died 1948)

Deaths

1 January – Adolfo Caminha, Naturalist novelist (born 1867; tuberculosis)^[5]
4 March – Antônio Moreira César, army colonel, killed in action
22 September – Antônio Conselheiro, religious leader, preacher, and founder of the village of Canudos (born 1830; dysentery)^[6]
13 November – Francisco de Paula Ney, poet and journalist (born 1858)

References

↑ Cunha, Euclides da. Rebellion in the Backlands. Translated from Portuguese Os Sertões. University Of Chicago Press, 1957. ISBN 0-226-12444-4.
↑ Levine, R.M. Vale of Tears: Revisiting the Canudos Massacre in Northeastern Brazil, 1893–1897. University of California Press, 1995. ISBN 0-520-20343-7. Review Archived 17 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine .
↑ Drew, William M. Humberto Mauro (1897–1983). Accessed 8 December 2013
↑ Chandler, Billy Jaynes (1978). The Bandit King: Lampião of Brazil. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 0-89096-194-8.
↑ Caminha's biography Archived 28 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine (in Portuguese)
↑ CUNHA, Euclides da. Rebellion in the Backlands . Transl. Samuel Putnam. Chicago: Phoenix Books, 1944

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[1] Cunha, Euclides da. Rebellion in the Backlands. Translated from Portuguese Os Sertões. University Of Chicago Press, 1957. ISBN 0-226-12444-4.

[2] Levine, R.M. Vale of Tears: Revisiting the Canudos Massacre in Northeastern Brazil, 1893–1897. University of California Press, 1995. ISBN 0-520-20343-7. Review Archived 17 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine .

[3] Drew, William M. Humberto Mauro (1897–1983). Accessed 8 December 2013

[4] Chandler, Billy Jaynes (1978). The Bandit King: Lampião of Brazil. Texas A&M University Press. ISBN 0-89096-194-8.

[5] Caminha's biography Archived 28 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine (in Portuguese)

[6] CUNHA, Euclides da. Rebellion in the Backlands . Transl. Samuel Putnam. Chicago: Phoenix Books, 1944

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1897 in Brazil
Years 1895 1896 1897 1898 1899
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First Brazilian Republic
Year of Constitution: 1891