USS Mississippi, named either for the state of Mississippi or the Mississippi River, may refer to:

• USS Mississippi (1841) was a sidewheel frigate that saw action in the Mexican–American War and was lost during the American Civil War.
• USS Mississippi (BB-23) was the lead ship of the Mississippi class of battleships; she saw action before World War I and was eventually sold to Greece.
• USS Mississippi (BB-41) was a New Mexico-class battleship and saw action during World War II.
• USS Mississippi (CGN-40) was a Virginia-class nuclear-powered guided missile cruiser.
• USS Mississippi (SSN-782) is a Virginia-class submarine commissioned in 2012.