Bands

• Neptune (Italian band), a band from Verona, Italy
• Neptune (American band), a scrap metal instrument and homemade electronics musical collective from Boston
• The Neptunes, a group of hip-hop producers
• Neptune Records, a record label

Albums

• Neptune (The Duke Spirit album)
• Neptune (Northern Pikes album)
• Neptune (Toshinobu Kubota album)

Songs

• "Neptune", a song by Azealia Banks and Shystie from Fantasea
• "Neptune", a 2003 song by InMe from Overgrown Eden
• "Neptune", a song by Sufjan Stevens, Bryce Dessner, Nico Muhly and James McAlister from Planetarium
• "Neptune", a song by English rock band Foals from Everything Not Saved Will Be Lost – Part 2

Classical

• "Neptune, the Mystic", a movement in Gustav Holst's The Planets suite
• Neptune - Poem of the Sea, an orchestral work by Cyril Scott

Northern Hemisphere

• Neptune Beach, Florida, a beachfront city
• Neptune Township, New Jersey
• Neptune City, New Jersey, a borough
• Neptune, Ohio, an unincorporated township
• Neptune, West Virginia
• Neptune, Wisconsin

Southern Hemisphere

• Neptune Range, a mountain range in Antarctica
• Neptune Islands, an island group in South Australia

Aircraft

• Beriev Be-2500 or Neptune, a super-heavy amphibian cargo aircraft
• DRS RQ-15 Neptune, an unmanned reconnaissance aerial vehicle
• Lockheed P-2 Neptune, a naval patrol bomber and anti-submarine warfare aircraft
• Spaceship Neptune, a high altitude tourist balloon set-up with the Neptune gondola and a hydrogen balloon to lift tourists to near the edge of space by Space Perspective

Ships

• Neptune (1780 ship), a convict ship in Second Fleet, to New South Wales
• Neptune (galleon), a 1986 ship replica built for Roman Polanski's film Pirates
• CS Neptune, a 1862 Confederate Army tugboat
• French ship Neptune, various ships of France named Neptune
  • French ship Neptune (1778), a 74-gun ship of the line
  • French ship Neptune (1803), a Tonnant-class ship of the line
  • French ship Neptune (1807), a brig launched in Venice
  • French ship Neptune (1839), an 80-gun ship of the line
  • French battleship Neptune, a Marceau-class ironclad built in 1892
• HMS Neptune, various ships of the British Royal Navy named Neptune
  • HMS Neptune (1683), a 90-gun second rate
  • HMS Neptune (1757), a 90-gun second rate
  • HMS Neptune (1797), a 98-gun second rate
  • HMS Neptune (1832), a 120-gun first rate
  • HMS Neptune (1878), an ironclad battleship acquired by the Royal Navy in 1878
  • HMS Neptune (1909), an early dreadnought launched
  • HMS Neptune (20), a Leander-class light cruiser
• HMNB Clyde or HMS Neptune, an operating base in the United Kingdom for the Royal Navy
• USS Neptune (ARC-2), a Neptune-class cable repair ship acquired by the US Navy in 1953
• USS Neptune, various ships of the U.S. Navy named Neptune
  • USS Clyde (1863), a 294-ton side-wheel steam gunboat briefly named Neptune
  • USS Neptune (1863), a 1244-ton screw steamship
  • USS Neptune (1869) or USS Manhattan, a monitor
  • USS Neptune (AC-8), a collier in World War I

• Neptune-class cruiser, a proposed class of cruisers planned for the British Royal Navy
• Neptune-class ship of the line, a class of second rate warships of the British Royal Navy