Naval vessels

• CSS Columbia, a Confederate States Navy (and later United States Navy) ironclad ram during the American Civil War
• HMCS Columbia, several ships of the Royal Canadian Navy
• HMS Columbia, several ships of the Royal Navy
• USS Columbia, several ships of the United States Navy
• Columbia-class cruiser, two protected cruisers used by the United States Navy, 1890–1891
• Columbia-class submarine, an upcoming class of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines for the United States Navy

America's Cup yachts

• Columbia (1871 yacht)
• Columbia (1899 yacht)
• Columbia (1958 yacht)

Other ships

• Columbia (Arrow Lakes sternwheeler)
• Columbia (barque), a barque in the service of the Hudson's Bay Company on the Columbia River and along the Pacific Northwest Coast
• Columbia (dredge), a dredge lost in the Battle of Wake Island
• Columbia (1850 sidewheeler), a steamboat in Oregon
• Columbia (1897 paddle steamer), a paddle steamer excursion boat which sank on the Illinois River in July 1918

• MV Columbia, a large passenger and automobile ferry in the Alaska Marine Highway System fleet
• SS Columbia, a historic excursion steamer docked in Ecorse, Michigan, United States
• SS Columbia (1880), a coastal passenger liner which made the first commercial use of Edison's light bulb
• SS Columbia (1889), an ocean liner, later renamed Rapido, a cruiser for the Spanish Navy
• United States lightship Columbia (WLV-604), the first lightship on the Pacific Coast of the United States, docked in Astoria, Oregon
• Columbia Rediviva , commonly known as the Columbia, a maritime fur trade vessel